EN Vocabulary - 3000 Words

Common words beginning R

/reɪs/
noun
  1. A competition between runners, horses, vehicles, etc. to see which is the fastest in covering a set course.
    • example - Hill started from pole position and won the race
    • synonyms - contest, competition
  2. A strong or rapid current flowing through a narrow channel in the sea or a river.
    • example - angling for tuna in turbulent tidal races
    • synonyms - channel, waterway, watercourse, conduit, sluice, spillway, aqueduct
  3. A water channel, especially one built to lead water to or from a point where its energy is utilized, as in a mill or mine.
    • example - Still visible is the mill water race and base of the chimney.
  4. A smooth ring-shaped groove or guide in which a ball bearing or roller bearing runs.
  5. A fenced passageway in a stockyard through which animals pass singly for branding, loading, washing, etc.
  6. (in weaving) the channel along which the shuttle moves.
verb
  1. Compete with another or others to see who is fastest at covering a set course or achieving an objective.
    • example - the vet took blood samples from the horses before they raced
    • synonyms - compete, take part in a race, run, contend
  2. Move or progress swiftly or at full speed.
    • example - I raced into the house
    • synonyms - hurry, dash, run, rush, sprint, bolt, dart, gallop, career, charge, shoot, hurtle, hare, bound, fly, speed, zoom, go hell for leather, pound, streak, scurry, scuttle, scamper, scramble, make haste, hasten, lose no time, spank along, really move
/ˈreɪsɪŋ/
adjective
  1. Moving swiftly.
    • example - he controlled his racing thoughts
  2. (of a person) following horse racing.
    • example - Kevin was not a racing man
/ˈreɪdɪəʊ/
noun
  1. The transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves of radio frequency, especially those carrying sound messages.
    • example - cellular phones are linked by radio rather than wires
  2. The activity or industry of broadcasting sound programmes to the public.
    • example - she has written much material for radio
  3. An apparatus for receiving radio programmes.
    • example - he switched the radio on
verb
  • Communicate or send a message by radio.
    • example - we radioed for help
    • synonyms - transmit, convey, communicate
/ˈreɪlweɪ/
noun
  1. A track made of steel rails along which trains run.
    • example - services were disrupted after an eight-year-old boy was spotted trespassing on the railway
  2. A network of tracks with the trains, organization, and personnel required for its working.
    • example - the carriage of freight on the railways
/reɪn/
noun
  • The condensed moisture of the atmosphere falling visibly in separate drops.
    • example - the rain had not stopped for days
    • synonyms - rainfall, precipitation, raindrops, rainwater, wet weather
verb
  • Rain falls.
    • example - it was beginning to rain
    • synonyms - pour, pour down, pelt down, tip down, teem down, beat down, lash down, sheet down, come down, come down in sheets, come down in torrents, rain cats and dogs
/reɪz/
verb
  1. Lift or move to a higher position or level.
    • example - she raised both arms above her head
    • synonyms - lift, lift up, raise aloft, elevate
  2. Increase the amount, level, or strength of.
    • example - the bank raised interest rates
    • synonyms - increase, put up, push up, up, mark up, step up, lift, augment, escalate, inflate, swell, add to
  3. Cause to occur or to be considered.
    • example - the alarm was raised when he failed to return home
    • synonyms - bring up, introduce, advance, broach, mention, allude to, touch on, suggest, moot, put forward, bring forward, pose, present, propose, submit
  4. Collect, levy, or bring together (money or resources)
    • example - it is hoped that the event will raise £50,000
    • synonyms - get, obtain, acquire
  5. Bring up (a child)
    • example - he was born and raised in San Francisco
    • synonyms - bring up, rear, nurture, look after, care for, take care of, provide for, mother, parent, tend, protect, cherish
  6. Bring (someone) back from death.
    • example - God raised Jesus from the dead
  7. Abandon or force an enemy to abandon (a siege, blockade, or embargo)
    • example - in late April Henry decided to raise the siege
    • synonyms - end, stop, bring to an end, put an end to, terminate, abandon, lift
  8. (of someone at sea) come in sight of (land or another ship)
  9. Stimulate production of (an antiserum, antibody, or other biologically active substance) against the appropriate target cell or substance.
    • example - monoclonal antibodies raised against human lymphocytes
noun
  1. An increase in salary.
    • example - he wants a raise and some perks
    • synonyms - rise, pay increase, salary increase, wage increase, increment
  2. (in poker or brag) an increase in a stake.
    • example - It is usual to agree, before the start of the game, a limit for bets and raises in the poker stage.
  3. An act of lifting or raising a part of the body while holding a weight.
    • example - bent-over raises
/reɪn(d)ʒ/
noun
  1. The area of variation between upper and lower limits on a particular scale.
    • example - the cost will be in the range of $1–5 million a day
    • synonyms - span, scope, compass, radius, scale, gamut, reach, sweep, extent, area, field, orbit, ambit, province, realm, domain, horizon, latitude
  2. A set of different things of the same general type.
    • example - the area offers a wide range of activities for the tourist
    • synonyms - assortment, variety, diversity, mixture, collection, array, set, selection, choice, pick
  3. The distance within which a person can see or hear.
    • example - something lurked just beyond her range of vision
    • synonyms - earshot, hearing distance, hearing range, carrying range, range of one"s voice, auditory range, sound, range
  4. A line or series of mountains or hills.
    • example - a mountain range
    • synonyms - row, chain
  5. A large area of open land for grazing or hunting.
    • example - on dude ranches, tourists put on crisp new western gear to ride the range
    • synonyms - pasture, pasturage, pastureland, grass, grassland, grazing land, ley, paddock, croft
  6. A large cooking stove with burners or hotplates and one or more ovens, all of which are kept continually hot.
    • example - a wood-burning kitchen range
    • synonyms - stove, cooking stove, kitchen stove
  7. A row of buildings.
    • example - Townesend"s Durham quadrangle range at Trinity College
  8. The direction or position in which something lies.
    • example - the range of the hills and valleys is nearly from north to south
verb
  1. Vary or extend between specified limits.
    • example - prices range from £30 to £100
    • synonyms - vary, fluctuate, differ
  2. Place or arrange in a row or rows or in a specified manner.
    • example - a table with half a dozen chairs ranged around it
    • synonyms - line up, align, draw up, put in order, set in order, order, place, position, arrange, dispose, set out, array, rank
  3. Place oneself or be placed in opposition to (a person or group)
    • example - Japan ranged herself against the European nations
  4. (of a person or animal) travel or wander over a wide area.
    • example - patrols ranged deep into enemy territory
    • synonyms - roam, rove, traverse, travel, journey, wander, stray, drift, ramble, meander, amble, stroll, traipse, walk, hike, trek, backpack
  5. Obtain the range of a target by adjustment after firing past it or short of it, or by the use of radar or laser equipment.
    • example - radar-type transmissions which appeared to be ranging on our convoys
/raŋk/
noun
  1. A position in the hierarchy of the armed forces.
    • example - an army officer of high rank
  2. A single line of soldiers or police officers drawn up abreast.
    • example - they were drawn up outside their barracks in long ranks
    • synonyms - row, line, file, column, series, succession, string, train, procession
  3. The people belonging to or constituting a group or class.
    • example - the ranks of Britain"s unemployed
  4. The value or the order of the largest non-zero determinant of a given matrix.
    • example - The rigidity of a matrix is the number of entries in a matrix which need to be changed in order to bring the rank of the matrix down to a certain value.
verb
  1. Give (someone or something) a rank or place within a grading system.
    • example - students ranked the samples in order of preference
    • synonyms - classify, class, categorize, rate, grade, type, order, sort, bracket, group, pigeonhole, designate
  2. Arrange in a row or rows.
    • synonyms - line up, align, draw up, put in order, set in order, order, place, position, arrange, dispose, set out, array, range
/ˈrapɪd/
adjective
  • Happening in a short time or at a great rate.
    • example - the country"s rapid economic decline
    • synonyms - quick, fast, swift, speedy, high-speed, expeditious, express, brisk, lively, prompt, flying, fleeting, lightning, meteoric, overnight, whirlwind, fast-track, whistle-stop
noun
  • A fast-flowing and turbulent part of the course of a river.
    • example - those of you looking for adventure can shoot the rapids
    • synonyms - waterfall, falls, water chute, cataract, rapids, torrent, flood, deluge, outpouring, white water, fountain, shower, avalanche
/ˈrapɪdli/
adverb
  • Very quickly; at a great rate.
    • example - the business is expanding rapidly
    • synonyms - quickly, fast, swiftly, speedily, at speed, at full speed, at the speed of light, post-haste, hotfoot, at full tilt, as fast as one"s legs can carry one, at a gallop, expeditiously, briskly, promptly
/rɛː/
adjective
  • (of an event, situation, or condition) not occurring very often.
    • example - a rare genetic disorder
    • synonyms - infrequent, few and far between, scarce, sparse, scattered, thin on the ground, golden, like gold dust, as scarce as hen"s teeth
/ˈrɛːli/
adverb
  1. Not often; seldom.
    • example - I rarely drive above 50 mph
    • synonyms - seldom, infrequently, on rare occasions, hardly ever, scarcely ever, hardly, scarcely, almost never, once in a while, only now and then, not often, only occasionally, sporadically
  2. Remarkably well.
/reɪt/
noun
  1. A measure, quantity, or frequency, typically one measured against another quantity or measure.
    • example - the island has the lowest crime rate in the world
  2. A fixed price paid or charged for something.
    • example - a £3.40 minimum hourly rate of pay
    • synonyms - charge, price, cost, tariff, hire, fare, figure, amount, outlay
verb
  1. Assign a standard or value to (something) according to a particular scale.
    • example - they were asked to rate their ability at different driving manoeuvres
    • synonyms - assess, evaluate, appraise, weigh up, judge, estimate, calculate, compute, gauge, measure, adjudge, value, put a value on
  2. Consider to be of a certain quality or standard.
    • example - Atkinson rates him as Europe"s top defender
    • synonyms - consider to be, judge to be, reckon to be, think to be, hold to be, deem to be, find to be
/ˈrɑːðə/
/rɑːˈðəː/
adverb
  1. Used to indicate one"s preference in a particular matter.
    • example - would you like some wine or would you rather stick to sherry?
    • synonyms - by preference, sooner, preferably, by choice, from choice, more willingly, more readily
  2. To a certain or significant extent or degree.
    • example - she"s been behaving rather strangely
    • synonyms - quite, a bit, a little, fairly, slightly, somewhat, relatively, to some degree, to some extent, comparatively, moderately
  3. Used to suggest that the opposite of a previous statement is the case; on the contrary.
    • example - There is no shortage of basic skills in the workplace. Rather, the problem is poor management
exclamation
  • Used to express emphatic affirmation, agreement, or acceptance.
    • example - ‘You are glad to be home, aren"t you?’ ‘Rather!’
raw
/rɔː/
adjective
  1. (of food) not cooked.
    • example - raw eggs
    • synonyms - uncooked, fresh
  2. (of a part of the body) red and painful, especially as the result of skin abrasion.
    • example - he scrubbed his hands until they were raw
    • synonyms - sore, red, inflamed, painful, sensitive, tender
  3. (of an emotion or quality) strong and undisguised.
    • example - he exuded an air of raw, vibrant masculinity
    • synonyms - strong, intense, passionate, fervent, vehement, powerful, violent, acute
  4. (of the weather) cold and damp; bleak.
    • example - a raw February night
    • synonyms - bleak, cold, chilly, chilling, chill, freezing, icy, icy-cold, wintry, bitter, biting, piercing, penetrating, sharp, keen, damp, wet
  5. New to an activity or job and therefore lacking experience or skill.
    • example - they were replaced by raw recruits
    • synonyms - inexperienced, new, lacking experience, untrained, unskilled, unpractised, untried, untested, unseasoned, untutored, unschooled
  6. (of the edge of a piece of cloth) not having a hem or selvedge.
    • example - oversewing is used to neaten raw edges
  7. From a traditional tribal or rural culture.
/riːtʃ/
verb
  1. Stretch out an arm in a specified direction in order to touch or grasp something.
    • example - he reached over and turned off his bedside light
    • synonyms - stretch out, hold out, extend, outstretch, thrust out, stick out
  2. Arrive at; get as far as.
    • example - ‘Goodbye,’ she said as they reached the door
    • synonyms - arrive at, get to, get as far as, come to, make it to, gain
  3. Sail with the wind blowing from the side of the ship.
noun
  1. An act of reaching out with one"s arm.
    • example - she made a reach for him
  2. The extent or range of something"s application, effect, or influence.
    • example - he told a story to illustrate the reach of his fame
    • synonyms - capabilities, capacity
  3. A continuous extent of water, especially a stretch of river between two bends, or the part of a canal between locks.
    • example - the upper reaches of the Nile
  4. A distance traversed in reaching.
/rɪˈakt/
verb
  1. Act in response to something; respond in a particular way.
    • example - he reacted angrily to the news of his dismissal
    • synonyms - behave, act, take it, conduct oneself, proceed
  2. Interact and undergo a chemical or physical change.
    • example - the sulphur in the coal reacts with the limestone during combustion
/rɪˈakʃ(ə)n/
noun
  1. Something done, felt, or thought in response to a situation or event.
    • example - my immediate reaction was one of relief
    • synonyms - response
  2. A chemical process in which substances act mutually on each other and are changed into different substances, or one substance changes into other substances.
    • example - a chemical reaction caused by a build-up of particular sodium salts
  3. A force exerted in opposition to an applied force.
    • example - the law of action and reaction
/riːd/
/rɛd/
verb
  1. Look at and comprehend the meaning of (written or printed matter) by interpreting the characters or symbols of which it is composed.
    • example - it"s the best novel I"ve ever read
    • synonyms - peruse, study, scrutinize, look through
  2. Discover (information) by reading it in a written or printed source.
    • example - he was arrested yesterday—I read it in the paper
  3. Understand or interpret the nature or significance of.
    • example - he didn"t dare look away, in case this was read as a sign of weakness
    • synonyms - interpret, take, take to mean, construe, see, explain, understand
  4. Inspect and record the figure indicated on (a measuring instrument)
    • example - I"ve come to read the gas meter
  5. Study (an academic subject) at a university.
    • example - I"m reading English at Cambridge
    • synonyms - study, do, take
  6. (of a computer) copy, transfer, or interpret (data)
    • example - it attempts to read a floppy disk without regard to its format
  7. Present (a bill or other measure) before a legislative assembly.
    • example - the bill was accordingly read a second time
  8. Hear and understand the words of (someone speaking on a radio transmitter)
    • example - ‘Do you read me? Over.’
noun
  • A period or act of reading something.
    • example - I was having a quiet read of the newspaper
    • synonyms - perusal, study, scan, scrutiny
adjective
  1. Having a specified level of knowledge as a result of reading.
    • example - Ada was well read in French literature
  2. Having a readership of a specified extent.
    • example - it is still a widely read newspaper
/ˈriːdə/
noun
  1. A person who reads or who is fond of reading.
    • example - she"s an avid reader
    • synonyms - educator, tutor, instructor, pedagogue, schoolteacher, schoolmaster, schoolmistress, master, mistress, governess, educationalist, educationist
  2. A person who inspects and records the figure indicated on a measuring instrument.
    • example - a meter reader
  3. A book containing extracts of a text or texts, designed to give learners of a language practice in reading.
    • example - You can, however, fit a few dozen large textbooks into a book reader the size of one paperback-a boon for medical students, for instance.
  4. A university lecturer of the highest grade below professor.
    • example - Dr Gardiner is Reader in Mathematics
  5. A device that produces on a screen a magnified, readable image of a microfiche or microfilm.
    • example - In the recorder"s office, members of the public were studying computer screens and microfiche readers.
/ˈriːdɪŋ/
noun
  1. The action or skill of reading.
    • example - the reading of a will
    • synonyms - perusal, study, scan, scanning, scrutiny
  2. An occasion at which pieces of literature are read to an audience.
    • example - a poetry reading
  3. A particular interpretation of a text or situation.
    • example - feminist readings of Goethe
    • synonyms - interpretation, construal, understanding, account, explanation, analysis, construction
  4. A figure or amount shown by a meter or other measuring instrument.
    • example - radiation readings were taken every hour
    • synonyms - record, figure, indication, read-out, display, measurement
  5. A stage of debate in parliament through which a Bill must pass before it can become law.
    • example - the Bill returns to the House for its final reading next week
/ˈrɛdi/
adjective
  1. In a suitable state for an action or situation; fully prepared.
    • example - are you ready, Carrie?
    • synonyms - prepared, all set, set, organized, in a fit state, equipped, primed
  2. Easily available or obtained; within reach.
    • example - there was a ready supply of drink
    • synonyms - available, to be had, in circulation, on the market, on offer, in season, at one"s disposal, at hand, gettable, procurable, securable, acquirable, realizable, accessible, achievable, attainable, ready
noun
  • Available money; cash.
    • synonyms - cash, hard cash, ready money
verb
  • Prepare (someone or something) for an activity or purpose.
    • example - the spare transformer was readied for shipment
    • synonyms - prepare, get ready, make ready, organize, equip, put together, fix
/riːl/
adjective
  1. Actually existing as a thing or occurring in fact; not imagined or supposed.
    • example - Julius Caesar was a real person
    • synonyms - actual, existent, non-fictional, non-fictitious, factual
  2. (of a thing) not imitation or artificial; genuine.
    • example - the earring was presumably real gold
    • synonyms - genuine, authentic, bona fide
  3. Complete; utter (used for emphasis)
    • synonyms - complete, utter, thorough, absolute, total, prize, perfect, veritable
  4. Adjusted for changes in the value of money; assessed by purchasing power.
    • example - real incomes had fallen by 30 per cent
  5. (of a number or quantity) having no imaginary part.
    • example - In this case, this is not a problem, since the domain of the sine function is all real numbers.
  6. (of an image) of a kind in which the light that forms it actually passes through it; not virtual.
    • example - We saw in the last section that a real image is formed by light moving through a convex lens.
adverb
  • Really; very.
    • synonyms - extremely, exceedingly, exceptionally, especially, tremendously, immensely, vastly, hugely
/rɪəˈlɪstɪk/
adjective
  1. Having or showing a sensible and practical idea of what can be achieved or expected.
    • example - I thought we had a realistic chance of winning
    • synonyms - practical, pragmatic, matter-of-fact, down-to-earth, sensible, commonsensical
  2. Representing things in a way that is accurate and true to life.
    • example - a realistic human drama
    • synonyms - true to life, lifelike, true, truthful, faithful, real-life, close, naturalistic, authentic, genuine, representational, graphic, convincing
/rɪˈalɪti/
noun
  1. The state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to an idealistic or notional idea of them.
    • example - he refuses to face reality
    • synonyms - the real world, real life, actuality
  2. The state or quality of having existence or substance.
    • example - youth, when death has no reality
/ˈrɪəlʌɪz/
verb
  1. Become fully aware of (something) as a fact; understand clearly.
    • example - he realized his mistake at once
    • synonyms - register, perceive, discern, be aware of, become aware of, be aware of the fact that, become aware of the fact that, be conscious of, become conscious of, be conscious of the fact that, become conscious of the fact that, notice
  2. Cause to happen.
    • example - his worst fears have been realized
  3. Give actual or physical form to.
    • example - the stage designs have been beautifully realized
  4. Make (a profit) from a transaction.
    • example - she realized a profit of $100,000
    • synonyms - make, obtain, clear, acquire, gain, bring in, reap
/ˈrɪəli/
adverb
  1. In actual fact, as opposed to what is said or imagined to be true or possible.
    • example - so what really happened?
    • synonyms - in fact, in actual fact, actually, in reality, in point of fact, as a matter of fact, in truth, if truth be told, to tell the truth, in actuality
  2. Very; thoroughly.
    • example - I think she"s really great
    • synonyms - genuinely, truly, honestly
exclamation
  • Used to express interest, surprise, or doubt.
    • example - ‘I"ve been working hard.’ ‘Really?’
    • synonyms - is that so, is that a fact, well I never, well I never did
/ˈriːz(ə)n/
noun
  1. A cause, explanation, or justification for an action or event.
    • example - she asked him to return, but didn"t give a reason
    • synonyms - cause, grounds, ground, basis, rationale
  2. The power of the mind to think, understand, and form judgements logically.
    • example - there is a close connection between reason and emotion
    • synonyms - rationality, logic, logical thought, scientific thinking, reasoning, thought, cognition
verb
  • Think, understand, and form judgements logically.
    • example - humans do not reason entirely from facts
    • synonyms - thinking, line of thought, train of thought, thought, thought process, logic, reason, rationality, analysis, interpretation, explanation, deduction, rationalization, argumentation
/ˈriːz(ə)nəb(ə)l/
adjective
  1. Having sound judgement; fair and sensible.
    • example - no reasonable person could have objected
    • synonyms - sensible, rational, open to reason, full of common sense, logical, fair, fair-minded, just, equitable, decent
  2. As much as is appropriate or fair; moderate.
    • example - a police officer may use reasonable force to gain entry
    • synonyms - within reason, practicable, sensible
/rɪˈkɔːl/
/ˈriːkɔːl/
verb
  1. Bring (a fact, event, or situation) back into one"s mind; remember.
    • example - I can still vaguely recall being taken to the hospital
    • synonyms - remember, recollect, call to mind, think of
  2. Officially order (someone) to return to a place.
    • example - the Panamanian ambassador was recalled from Peru
    • synonyms - summon back, order back, call back, bring back
noun
  1. The action or faculty of remembering something learned or experienced.
    • example - people"s understanding and subsequent recall of stories or events
    • synonyms - recollection, memory, remembrance
  2. An act or instance of officially recalling someone or something.
    • example - a recall of Parliament
    • synonyms - summoning back, ordering back, calling back
  3. The proportion of the number of relevant documents retrieved from a database in response to an inquiry.
    • example - expert systems can produce solutions with the speed, recall, accuracy, and consistency that only a computer can provide
/rɪˈsiːt/
noun
  1. The action of receiving something or the fact of its being received.
    • example - I would be grateful if you would acknowledge receipt of this letter
    • synonyms - receiving, reception, getting, obtaining, gaining
  2. A recipe.
    • example - she spent hours in the kitchen, trying all sorts of receipts
    • synonyms - cooking directions
verb
  • Mark (a bill) as paid.
    • example - one copy can be receipted and returned to you
/rɪˈsiːv/
verb
  1. Be given, presented with, or paid (something)
    • example - the band will receive a £100,000 advance
    • synonyms - be given, be presented with, be awarded, collect, accept, have conferred on one
  2. Suffer, experience, or be subject to (specified treatment)
    • example - the event received wide press coverage
    • synonyms - experience, sustain, undergo, meet with, encounter, go through, be subjected to, come in for
  3. Greet or welcome (a visitor) formally.
    • example - representatives of the club will be received by the Mayor
    • synonyms - greet, welcome, say hello to, show in, usher in, admit, let in
  4. Form (an idea or impression) as a result of perception or experience.
    • example - the impression she received was one of unhurried leisure
  5. Detect or pick up (broadcast signals)
    • example - the systems work by comparing time signals received from different satellites
  6. Serve as a receptacle for.
    • example - the basin that receives your blood
  7. (in tennis and similar games) be the player to whom the server serves (the ball).
    • example - In also receiving the ball, a tennis player, in order to return the ball effectively, must ascertain the type of spin which has been imparted to the ball so as to be able to compensate in the return stroke for the spin or rotation of the ball in flight during trajectory.
  8. Eat or drink (the Eucharistic bread or wine)
    • example - he received Communion and left
/ˈriːs(ə)nt/
adjective
  1. Having happened, begun, or been done not long ago; belonging to a past period comparatively close to the present.
    • example - his recent visit to Britain
    • synonyms - new, the latest, late, current, fresh, modern, contemporary, present-day, up to date, up to the minute, latter-day, latter
  2. another term for Holocene
    • example - In general, species richness in the Miocene and Pliocene was high whereas Pleistocene and Recent diversity is very low.
noun
  • The Holocene epoch.
/ˈriːsntli/
adverb
  • At a recent time; not long ago.
    • example - I recently bought a CD player
    • synonyms - not long ago, a short time ago, in the last few days, in the last few months, in the last few weeks, in the past few days, in the past few months, in the past few weeks, a little while back
/rɪˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/
noun
  1. The action or process of receiving something sent, given, or inflicted.
    • example - sensation is not the passive reception of stimuli
    • synonyms - receipt, receiving, getting, acceptance
  2. A formal social occasion held to welcome someone or to celebrate an event.
    • example - a wedding reception
    • synonyms - party, formal party, function, social occasion, social event, entertainment, soirée, gathering, get-together, celebration
  3. The process of receiving broadcast signals.
    • example - a microchip that will allow parents to block reception of violent programmes
  4. The area in a hotel or organization where guests and visitors are greeted and dealt with.
    • example - wait for me downstairs in reception
  5. The first class in an infant or primary school.
    • example - my son is in reception
  6. An act of catching a pass.
    • example - his 49 receptions included six touchdowns
/ˈrɛsɪpi/
noun
  • A set of instructions for preparing a particular dish, including a list of the ingredients required.
    • example - a traditional Yorkshire recipe
    • synonyms - cooking directions
/ˈrɛkəɡnʌɪz/
verb
  1. Identify (someone or something) from having encountered them before; know again.
    • example - I recognized her when her wig fell off
  2. Acknowledge the existence, validity, or legality of.
    • example - the defence is recognized in British law
    • synonyms - acknowledge, accept, admit, concede, allow, grant, confess, own
/rɛkəˈmɛnd/
verb
  1. Put forward (someone or something) with approval as being suitable for a particular purpose or role.
    • example - George had recommended some local architects
    • synonyms - advocate, endorse, commend, approve, suggest, put forward, propose, advance, nominate, put up, mention
  2. Commend or entrust someone or something to (someone)
/ˌrɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/
noun
  • A suggestion or proposal as to the best course of action, especially one put forward by an authoritative body.
    • example - the committee put forward forty recommendations for change
    • synonyms - advice, counsel, guidance, direction, exhortation, enjoinder, advocacy
/ˈrɛkɔːd/
/rɪˈkɔːd/
noun
  1. A thing constituting a piece of evidence about the past, especially an account kept in writing or some other permanent form.
    • example - you should keep a written record
    • synonyms - account, accounts, document, documents, documentation, data, file, files, dossier, dossiers, information, evidence, report, reports
  2. The sum of the past achievements or performance of a person, organization, or thing.
    • example - the safety record at the airport is first class
    • synonyms - previous conduct, previous performance, track record, previous accomplishments, previous achievements, career to date, history, past, life history, background
  3. The best performance or most remarkable event of its kind.
    • example - he held the world record for over a decade
    • synonyms - best performance, highest achievement, star performance
  4. A thin plastic disc carrying recorded sound in grooves on each surface, for reproduction by a record player.
    • example - I"m listening to records in my room
    • synonyms - album
verb
  1. Set down in writing or some other permanent form for later reference.
    • example - they were asked to keep a diary and record everything they ate or drank
    • synonyms - write down, set down, put in writing, put down, take down, note, make a note of, jot down, put down on paper, commit to paper
  2. Convert (sound or a performance) into a permanent form for subsequent reproduction or broadcast.
    • example - they were recording a guitar recital
    • synonyms - make a record of, make a recording of, tape, tape-record
/rɪˈkɔːdɪŋ/
noun
  • The action or process of recording sound or a performance for subsequent reproduction or broadcast.
    • example - a recording studio
/rɪˈkʌvə/
verb
  1. Return to a normal state of health, mind, or strength.
    • example - Neil is still recovering from shock
    • synonyms - recuperate, get better, get well, convalesce, regain one"s strength, regain one"s health, get stronger, get back on one"s feet, feel oneself again, get back to normal, return to health
  2. Find or regain possession of (something stolen or lost)
    • example - police recovered a stolen video
    • synonyms - retrieve, regain, regain possession of, get back, win back, take back, recoup, reclaim, repossess, recapture, retake, redeem
  3. Remove or extract (an energy source or industrial chemical) for use, reuse, or waste treatment.
    • example - only 13 per cent of CFC refrigerant was being recovered from domestic fridges
    • synonyms - reuse, reprocess, convert into something, reclaim, recover
noun
  • A defined position of a firearm forming part of a military drill.
    • example - bring the firelock to the recover
/riːˈsʌɪk(ə)l/
verb
  • Convert (waste) into reusable material.
    • example - car hulks were recycled into new steel
    • synonyms - reuse, reprocess, convert into something, reclaim, recover
red
/rɛd/
adjective
  1. Of a colour at the end of the spectrum next to orange and opposite violet, as of blood, fire, or rubies.
    • example - her red lips
    • synonyms - scarlet, vermilion, ruby, ruby red, ruby-coloured, cherry, cherry red, cerise, cardinal, carmine, wine, wine red, wine-coloured, claret, claret red, claret-coloured, blood red
  2. Communist or socialist (used especially during the Cold War with reference to the Soviet Union)
  3. Involving bloodshed or violence.
  4. (of a Xhosa) coming from a traditional tribal culture.
noun
  1. Red colour or pigment.
    • example - their work is marked in red by the teacher
  2. A red thing.
    • example - which dress - the black or the red?
  3. A communist or socialist.
    • synonyms - Communist, Marxist, socialist, left-winger, leftist, Bolshevik, revolutionary, anti-capitalist
  4. The situation of owing money to a bank or making a loss in a business operation.
    • example - the company was £4 million in the red
/rɪˈdjuːs/
verb
  1. Make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
    • example - the need for businesses to reduce costs
    • synonyms - lessen, make less, make smaller, lower, bring down, decrease, turn down, diminish, take the edge off, minimize
  2. Bring someone or something to (a worse or less desirable state or condition)
    • example - she has been reduced to near poverty
    • synonyms - bring to, bring to the point of, force into, drive into
  3. Change a substance to (a different or more basic form)
    • example - it is difficult to understand how lava could have been reduced to dust
  4. Cause to combine chemically with hydrogen.
  5. Restore (a dislocated part of the body) to its proper position by manipulation or surgery.
    • example - Joe"s reducing a dislocated thumb
  6. Besiege and capture (a town or fortress).
    • example - Fortresses were redesigned to take advantage of the defensive potential of modern firearms and techniques for besieging and reducing fortresses were refined.
/rɪˈdʌkʃ(ə)n/
noun
  1. The action or fact of making something smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
    • example - talks on arms reduction
    • synonyms - depletion, cut, cutting, cutback, scaling down, trimming, slimming, slimming down, pruning, axing, chopping, curtailment, limiting
  2. A thing that is made smaller or less in size or amount.
  3. The action of remedying a dislocation or fracture by returning the affected part of the body to its normal position.
    • example - we must see if the fracture requires reduction
  4. The process or result of reducing or being reduced.
    • example - the reaction is limited to reduction to the hydrocarbon
  5. Substitution of a sound which requires less muscular effort to articulate.
    • example - the process of vowel reduction
/rɪˈfəː/
verb
  1. Mention or allude to.
    • example - her mother never referred to him again
    • synonyms - mention, make mention of, make reference to, allude to, touch on, speak about, speak of, talk about, talk of, write about, cite, name, comment on, deal with, go into, treat, treat of, note, point out, call attention to, bring up, raise, broach, introduce
  2. Pass a matter to (a higher body) for a decision.
    • example - the prisoner may require the Secretary of State to refer his case to the Parole Board
  3. Trace or attribute something to (someone or something) as a cause or source.
    • example - the God to whom he habitually referred his highest inspirations
  4. Fail (a candidate in an examination)
/ˈrɛf(ə)r(ə)ns/
noun
  1. The action of mentioning or alluding to something.
    • example - he made reference to the enormous power of the mass media
    • synonyms - mention of, allusion to, comment on, remark about
  2. The use of a source of information in order to ascertain something.
    • example - popular works of reference
  3. A letter from a previous employer testifying to someone"s ability or reliability, used when applying for a new job.
    • example - I was dismissed from the library, but with a good reference
    • synonyms - testimonial, character reference, recommendation, good word, backing
verb
  1. Provide (a book or article) with citations of sources of information.
    • example - each chapter is referenced, citing literature up to 1990
  2. Mention or refer to.
    • example - the media referenced our association in almost 40 articles
/rɪˈflɛkt/
verb
  1. (of a surface or body) throw back (heat, light, or sound) without absorbing it.
    • example - when the sun"s rays hit the Earth a lot of the heat is reflected back into space
    • synonyms - send back, throw back, cast back, give back, bounce back, shine back, return, mirror
  2. Think deeply or carefully about.
    • example - he reflected with sadness on the unhappiness of his marriage
    • synonyms - think about, give thought to, consider, give consideration to, review, mull over, contemplate, study, cogitate about, cogitate on, meditate on, muse on, deliberate about, deliberate on, ruminate about, ruminate on, ruminate over, dwell on, brood on, brood over, agonize over, worry about, chew over, puzzle over, speculate about, weigh up, revolve, turn over in one"s mind, be in a brown study
  3. (of an action or situation) bring credit or discredit to the relevant parties.
    • example - the incident reflects badly on the operating practices of the airlines
/rɪˈfjuːz/
verb
  • Indicate or show that one is not willing to do something.
    • example - I refused to answer
/rɪˈɡɑːd/
verb
  1. Consider or think of in a specified way.
    • example - she regarded London as her base
    • synonyms - consider, look on, view, see, hold, think, think of, contemplate, count, judge, deem, estimate, evaluate, interpret, appraise, assess, make of, find, put down as, take for, account, reckon, treat, adjudge, size up, value, rate, gauge, sum up, weigh up
  2. (of a thing) relate to; concern.
    • example - if these things regarded only myself, I could stand it with composure
    • synonyms - apply to, be relevant to, have relevance to, concern, refer to, have reference to, belong to, pertain to, be pertinent to, have to do with, bear on, have a bearing on, appertain to, affect, involve, cover, touch
noun
  1. Attention to or concern for something.
    • example - the court must have regard to the principle of welfare
    • synonyms - consideration, care, concern, sympathy, thought, mind, notice, heed, attention, interest
  2. Best wishes (used to express friendliness in greetings)
    • example - give her my regards
    • synonyms - best wishes, good wishes, greetings, kind regards, kindest regards, felicitations, salutations, respects, compliments, best, love
/ˈriːdʒ(ə)n/
noun
  1. An area, especially part of a country or the world having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries.
    • example - the equatorial regions
    • synonyms - area, sector, section, belt, region, territory, tract, stretch, expanse, district, quarter, precinct, locality, neighbourhood, province, land
  2. A part of the body, especially around or near an organ.
    • example - the lumbar region
/ˈriːdʒənl/
adjective
  • Relating to or characteristic of a region.
    • example - regional and local needs
    • synonyms - geographical, topographical, zonal, territorial, topical
noun
  • A stamp, newspaper, or other thing produced or used in a particular region.
/ˈrɛdʒɪstə/
noun
  1. An official list or record of names or items.
    • example - a membership register
    • synonyms - official list, listing, roll, roster, index, directory, catalogue, schedule, inventory, tally, calendar
  2. A particular part of the range of a voice or instrument.
    • example - boy trebles singing in a high register
    • synonyms - range, area, region, reaches, sweep
  3. A variety of a language or a level of usage, as determined by degree of formality and choice of vocabulary, pronunciation, and syntax, according to the communicative purpose, social context, and standing of the user.
    • example - In some languages, and some registers of English, syntactic tangling like this is normal.
  4. The exact correspondence of the position of colour components in a printed positive.
  5. (in electronic devices) a location in a store of data, used for a specific purpose and with quick access time.
  6. An adjustable plate for widening or narrowing an opening and regulating a draught, especially in a fire grate.
    • example - Do you regularly look for dirty or blocked heating/cooling registers?
  7. One of a number of bands or sections into which a design is divided.
    • example - the central register shows a Roman Emperor on horseback
  8. short for cash register
verb
  1. Enter or record on an official list or directory.
    • example - the vessel is registered as British
    • synonyms - record, put on record, enter, file, lodge, post, set down, inscribe, write down, put in writing, submit, report, take down, note, minute, list, log, catalogue
  2. (of an instrument) detect and show (a reading) automatically.
    • example - the electroscope was too insensitive to register the tiny changes
    • synonyms - indicate, read, record, show, display
  3. Express or convey (an opinion or emotion)
    • example - I wish to register an objection
    • synonyms - display, show, express, exhibit, evince, betray, disclose, evidence, reveal, manifest, demonstrate, reflect, bespeak, testify to
  4. Achieve (a certain score or result) in a game or match.
    • example - they registered their third consecutive draw
  5. Correspond or cause to correspond exactly in position.
    • example - they are adjusted until the impressions register
/rɪˈɡrɛt/
verb
  • Feel sad, repentant, or disappointed over (something that one has done or failed to do)
    • example - she immediately regretted her words
    • synonyms - be sorry about, feel contrite about, feel apologetic about, feel remorse about, feel remorse for, be remorseful about, rue, repent, repent of, feel repentant about, be regretful about, be regretful at, have a conscience about, blame oneself for
noun
  • A feeling of sadness, repentance, or disappointment over an occurrence or something that one has done or failed to do.
    • example - she expressed her regret at Virginia"s death
    • synonyms - sadness, sorrow, disappointment, dismay, unhappiness, dejection, lamentation, grief, mourning, mournfulness
/ˈrɛɡjʊlə/
adjective
  1. Arranged in or constituting a constant or definite pattern, especially with the same space between individual instances.
    • example - plant the flags at regular intervals
    • synonyms - methodical, systematic, structured, well ordered, well organized, orderly, efficient, smooth-running, streamlined, well regulated, disciplined, planned, well planned, businesslike, meticulous, punctilious
  2. Recurring at uniform intervals.
    • example - a regular monthly check
    • synonyms - uniform, even, consistent, constant, unchanging, unvarying, orderly, systematic, fixed
  3. Conforming to or governed by an accepted standard of procedure or convention.
    • example - policies carried on by his ministers through regular channels
    • synonyms - established, conventional, orthodox, proper, formal, official, fixed, stated, approved, sanctioned, bona fide, standard, usual, traditional, classic, time-honoured, tried and tested, tried and trusted
  4. Used, done, or happening on a habitual basis; usual.
    • example - I couldn"t get an appointment with my regular barber
    • synonyms - usual, normal, customary, habitual, routine, typical, everyday, accustomed, established, expected, wonted, ordinary, daily, common
  5. (of a word) following the normal pattern of inflection.
    • example - a regular verb
  6. (of a figure) having all sides and all angles equal.
    • example - a regular polygon
noun
  • A regular customer, member of a team, etc.
    • example - pub regulars
    • synonyms - customer, buyer, purchaser, shopper, consumer, user
/ˈrɛɡjələli/
adverb
  1. With a constant or definite pattern, especially with the same space between individual items.
    • example - regularly spaced buildings
  2. At uniform intervals of time.
    • example - the reunion has taken place regularly every two years
  3. On a habitual basis; usually.
    • example - the person who regularly cuts your hair
  4. In a way that follows the normal pattern of inflection.
    • example - a regularly inflected plural noun
/rɛɡjʊˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
noun
  1. A rule or directive made and maintained by an authority.
    • example - planning regulations
    • synonyms - rule, ruling, order, directive, act, law, by-law, statute, edict, canon, ordinance, pronouncement, mandate, dictate, dictum, decree, fiat, proclamation, command, injunction, procedure, requirement, prescription, precept, guideline
  2. The action or process of regulating or being regulated.
    • example - the regulation of financial markets
    • synonyms - adjustment, control, management, balancing, setting, synchronization, modulation, tuning
/rɪˈdʒɛkt/
/ˈriːdʒɛkt/
verb
  • Dismiss as inadequate, unacceptable, or faulty.
    • example - union negotiators rejected a 1.5 per cent pay award
    • synonyms - banish, put away, set aside, lay aside, abandon, have done with, drop, disregard, brush off, shrug off, forget, think no more of, pay no heed to, put out of one"s mind
noun
  • A person or thing dismissed as inadequate or unacceptable.
    • example - some of the team"s rejects have gone on to prove themselves in championships
    • synonyms - failure, loser, incompetent
/rɪˈleɪt/
verb
  1. Make or show a connection between.
    • example - the study examines social change within the city and relates it to developments in the country as a whole
    • synonyms - connect, connect with, associate, associate with, link, link with, correlate, correlate with, ally, ally with, couple, couple with, bracket, bracket with
  2. Feel sympathy for or identify with.
    • example - kids related to him because he was so rebellious
    • synonyms - have a rapport with, get on with, get on well with, respond to, sympathize with, feel sympathy with, feel for, identify with, empathize with, connect with, understand, speak the same language as, be in tune with, be on the same wavelength as
  3. Give an account of; narrate.
    • example - various versions of the story have been related by the locals
    • synonyms - tell, recount, narrate, give an account of, describe
/rɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
noun
  1. The way in which two or more people or things are connected; a thing"s effect on or relevance to another.
    • example - questions about the relation between writing and reality
    • synonyms - connection, relationship, association, link, correlation, correspondence, parallel, tie-in, tie-up, alliance, bond, interrelation, interconnection
  2. A person who is connected by blood or marriage; a relative.
    • example - he has no close relations
    • synonyms - relative, member of someone"s family, member of the family, one"s flesh and blood, one"s own flesh and blood, next of kin
  3. The action of telling a story.
    • example - She is calumniated by some people, who think the relation of this story to be a reflection.
    • synonyms - enumeration, list, litany, catalogue, listing, detailing, itemizing, specification
/rɪˈleɪʃ(ə)nʃɪp/
noun
  • The way in which two or more people or things are connected, or the state of being connected.
    • example - the study will assess the relationship between unemployment and political attitudes
    • synonyms - connection, relation, association, link, correlation, correspondence, parallel, tie-in, tie-up, alliance, bond, interrelation, interconnection
/ˈrɛlətɪv/
adjective
  1. Considered in relation or in proportion to something else.
    • example - the relative effectiveness of the various mechanisms is not known
    • synonyms - comparative, respective, comparable, correlative, parallel, corresponding, reciprocal
  2. Denoting a pronoun, determiner, or adverb that refers to an expressed or implied antecedent and attaches a subordinate clause to it, e.g. which, who.
    • example - The other personal relative pronoun, who, doesn"t seem to be affected nearly as much.
  3. (of major and minor keys) having the same key signature.
    • example - This piece will give the teacher a chance to review parallel and relative major/minor keys along with primary chord progressions.
  4. (of a service rank) corresponding in grade to another in a different service.
    • example - The war prompted the navy to assign relative rank to nurses on 1 July 1942.
noun
  1. A person connected by blood or marriage.
    • example - much of my time is spent visiting relatives
    • synonyms - relation, member of someone"s family, member of the family, one"s flesh and blood, one"s own flesh and blood, next of kin
  2. A relative pronoun, determiner, or adverb.
    • example - In the following pair, the first uses it as an interrogative content clause and the second uses it as a fused relative.
  3. A term or concept which is dependent on something else.
    • example - This ‘causal maxim’ is a close relative of the Uniformity Principle, if we think, as Hume and Kant both do, that an event"s being caused entails its falling under a law.
/ˈrɛlətɪvli/
adverb
  • In relation, comparison, or proportion to something else.
    • example - they were very poor, but, relatively speaking, they had been lucky
    • synonyms - to a certain degree, to a certain extent, to a limited degree, to a limited extent, to some degree, to some extent, partly, partially, half, in some measure, relatively, comparatively, moderately, to a point, up to a point, a little, somewhat
/rɪˈlaks/
verb
  1. Make or become less tense or anxious.
    • example - he relaxed and smiled confidently
  2. Make (a rule or restriction) less strict.
    • example - the ministry relaxed some of the restrictions
    • synonyms - moderate, modify, temper, make less formal, make less strict, ease, ease up on, loosen, lessen, lighten, slacken
/rɪˈlakst/
adjective
  • Free from tension and anxiety.
    • example - we were having a great time and feeling very relaxed
    • synonyms - easy-going, free and easy, tolerant, liberal, permissive, indulgent, relaxed, casual, informal, unceremonious, unforced, natural, open, frank, spontaneous, uninhibited, artless, ingenuous
/rɪˈlaksɪŋ/
adjective
  • Reducing tension or anxiety.
    • example - the warm water was very relaxing
/rɪˈliːs/
verb
  1. Allow or enable to escape from confinement; set free.
    • example - the government announced that the prisoners would be released
    • synonyms - free, set free, let go, allow to leave, let loose, set loose, turn loose, let out, liberate, set at liberty, deliver, rescue, ransom, emancipate
  2. Allow (something) to move, act, or flow freely.
    • example - she released his arm and pushed him aside
  3. Allow (information) to be generally available.
    • example - no details about the talks were released
    • synonyms - make public, make known, bring to public attention, bring to public notice, issue, break, announce, declare, report, post, reveal, divulge, disclose, publish, publicize, print, broadcast, air, transmit, put out, circulate, communicate, impart, disseminate, distribute, spread, propagate, purvey
  4. Remit or discharge (a debt)
    • example - the amounts which later become due are consequent on the debt that is being released
    • synonyms - let off, excuse, exempt, discharge, deliver
noun
  1. The action or process of releasing or being released.
    • example - a campaign by the prisoner"s mother resulted in his release
    • synonyms - freeing, liberation, deliverance, ransom, emancipation
  2. The action of making a film, recording, or other product available to the public.
    • example - the movie will be on release from Christmas
    • synonyms - CD, disc, record, single, album
  3. The action of releasing property, money, or a right to another.
    • example - I have been advised by my bank manager that any release of money needs to be authorised by the solicitors who initiated the freezing injunction.
/ˈrɛləv(ə)nt/
adjective
  • Closely connected or appropriate to what is being done or considered.
    • example - what small companies need is relevant advice
    • synonyms - pertinent, applicable, apposite, material, apropos, to the point, to the purpose, germane, admissible
/rɪˈlʌɪəb(ə)l/
adjective
  • Consistently good in quality or performance; able to be trusted.
    • example - a reliable source of information
    • synonyms - dependable, good, well founded, well grounded, authentic, definitive, attested, valid, genuine, from the horse"s mouth, sound, true
noun
  • A reliable person or thing.
    • example - the supporting cast includes old reliables like Mitchell
/rɪˈliːf/
noun
  1. A feeling of reassurance and relaxation following release from anxiety or distress.
    • example - much to her relief, she saw the door open
    • synonyms - reassurance, consolation, comfort, solace, calmness, relaxation, repose, ease
  2. Financial or practical assistance given to those in special need or difficulty.
    • example - raising money for famine relief
    • synonyms - help, aid, assistance, succour, care, sustenance
  3. A person or group of people replacing others who have been on duty.
    • example - the relief nurse was late
    • synonyms - replacement, substitute, deputy, reserve, standby, stopgap, cover, stand-in, supply, fill-in, locum, locum tenens, understudy, proxy, surrogate
  4. The state of being clearly visible or obvious due to being accentuated.
    • example - the setting sun threw the snow-covered peaks into relief
/rɪˈlɪdʒ(ə)n/
noun
  • The belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods.
    • example - ideas about the relationship between science and religion
    • synonyms - faith, belief, divinity, worship, creed, teaching, doctrine, theology
/rɪˈlɪdʒəs/
adjective
  • Relating to or believing in a religion.
    • example - both men were deeply religious and moralistic
    • synonyms - devout, pious, reverent, believing, godly, God-fearing, dutiful, saintly, holy, prayerful, churchgoing, practising, faithful, devoted, committed
noun
  • A person bound by monastic vows.
/rɪˈlʌɪ/
verb
  • Depend on with full trust or confidence.
    • example - I know I can rely on your discretion
    • synonyms - depend, count, bank, place reliance, bargain, plan, reckon
/rɪˈmeɪn/
verb
  1. Continue to exist, especially after other similar people or things have ceased to do so.
    • example - a cloister is all that remains of the monastery
    • synonyms - continue to exist, endure, last, abide, go on, carry on, persist, hang in the air, stay around, stay round, stand, be extant, hold out, prevail, survive, live on
  2. Be left over or outstanding after others or other parts have been completed, used, or dealt with.
    • example - a more intractable problem remains
    • synonyms - be left, be left over, be still available, be unused
/rɪˈmɑːk/
verb
  1. Say something as a comment; mention.
    • example - ‘Tom"s looking peaky,’ she remarked
    • synonyms - comment, say, observe, mention, reflect, state, declare, announce, pronounce, assert
  2. Regard with attention; notice.
    • example - he remarked the man"s inflamed eyelids
    • synonyms - note, notice, observe, take note of, mark, perceive, discern
noun
  • A written or spoken comment.
    • example - I decided to ignore his rude remarks
/rɪˈmɛmbə/
verb
  1. Have in or be able to bring to one"s mind an awareness of (someone or something from the past)
    • example - I remember the screech of the horn as the car came towards me
    • synonyms - recall, call to mind, recollect, think of
  2. Do something that one has undertaken to do or that is necessary or advisable.
    • example - did you remember to post the letters?
    • synonyms - don"t forget, be sure, be certain
/rɪˈmʌɪnd/
verb
  1. Cause (someone) to remember someone or something.
    • example - he would have forgotten my birthday if you hadn"t reminded him
    • synonyms - jog someone"s memory, refresh someone"s memory, help someone remember, cause someone to remember
  2. Cause (someone) to fulfil an obligation or to take note of something.
    • example - the barman reminded them that singing was not permitted
/rɪˈməʊt/
adjective
  1. (of a place) situated far from the main centres of population; distant.
    • example - the area is remote from the usual tourist routes
    • synonyms - faraway, distant, far, far off, far removed
  2. Having very little connection with or relationship to.
    • example - the theory seems rather intellectual and remote from everyday experience
    • synonyms - irrelevant to, unrelated to, unconnected to, unconcerned with, not pertinent to, inapposite to, immaterial to, unassociated with, inappropriate to
  3. (of a chance or possibility) unlikely to occur.
    • example - chances of a lasting peace became even more remote
    • synonyms - unlikely, improbable, implausible, doubtful, dubious, far-fetched
  4. Aloof and unfriendly in manner.
    • example - she seemed remote and patronizing
    • synonyms - aloof, distant, detached, impersonal, withdrawn, reserved, uncommunicative, unforthcoming, unapproachable, unresponsive, indifferent, unconcerned, preoccupied, abstracted
  5. Conducted or working away from a usual workplace or location, making use of communications technology.
    • example - companies will understand that remote working can be helpful for employees
noun
  • A remote control device.
    • example - universal remotes which let you operate all your audio/video components from one handset
/rɪˈmuːv/
verb
  1. Take (something) away or off from the position occupied.
    • example - Customs officials removed documents from the premises
    • synonyms - detach, unfasten, separate
  2. Abolish or get rid of.
    • example - exchange controls have finally been removed
    • synonyms - withdraw, abolish, eliminate, get rid of, do away with, take away, stop, put an end to, cut
  3. Be distant from.
    • example - it is an isolated place, far removed from the London art world
    • synonyms - distant, remote, disconnected, different
noun
  1. A degree of remoteness or separation.
    • example - at this remove, the whole incident seems insane
    • synonyms - distance, space of time, interval
  2. A form or division in some British schools.
/rɛnt/
noun
  • A tenant"s regular payment to a landlord for the use of property or land.
    • example - I cannot even afford to pay the rent on this flat
    • synonyms - hire charge, rental
verb
  • Pay someone for the use of (something, typically property, land, or a car)
    • example - they rented a house together in Sussex
    • synonyms - hire, lease, charter
/rɪˈpɛː/
verb
  • Restore (something damaged, faulty, or worn) to a good condition.
    • example - faulty electrical appliances should be repaired by an electrician
    • synonyms - mend, fix, fix up, put right, set right, restore, restore to working order, make as good as new, patch up, put back together, overhaul, service, renovate, recondition, rehabilitate, rebuild, reconstruct, refit, adjust, regulate
noun
  • The action of repairing something.
    • example - the truck was beyond repair
    • synonyms - restoration, fixing, fixing up, renovation, rebuilding, reconstruction
/rɪˈpiːt/
verb
  1. Say again something one has already said.
    • example - ‘Are you hurt?’ he repeated
    • synonyms - say again, restate, reiterate, go through again, go over again, run through again, iterate, rehearse, recapitulate
  2. Do (something) again or more than once.
    • example - earlier experiments were repeated on a larger scale
    • synonyms - do again, redo, replicate, duplicate, perform again
  3. (of food) be tasted intermittently for some time after being swallowed as a result of belching or indigestion.
noun
  • Something that occurs or is done again.
    • example - the final will be a repeat of last year
    • synonyms - repetition, duplication, replication, rerun
/rɪˈpiːtɪd/
adjective
  • Done or occurring again several times in the same way.
    • example - there were repeated attempts to negotiate
/rɪˈpleɪs/
verb
  1. Take the place of.
    • example - Ian"s smile was replaced by a frown
  2. Put (something) back in a previous place or position.
    • synonyms - put back, return, return to its place, restore
/rɪˈplʌɪ/
verb
  • Say something in response to something someone has said.
    • example - he was gone before we could reply to his last remark
    • synonyms - respond, answer, say in response, rejoin, return
noun
  • A verbal or written answer.
    • example - I received a reply from the managing director
    • synonyms - answer, response, acknowledgement, rejoinder, return, reaction
/rɪˈpɔːt/
verb
  1. Give a spoken or written account of something that one has observed, heard, done, or investigated.
    • example - the minister reported a decline in milk production
    • synonyms - announce, describe, give an account of, tell of, detail, delineate, outline
  2. Present oneself formally as having arrived at a particular place or as ready to do something.
    • example - Stewart is to report to a probation office on Monday
    • synonyms - present oneself, arrive, appear, turn up, clock in, sign in
  3. Be responsible to (a superior or supervisor)
noun
  1. An account given of a particular matter, especially in the form of an official document, after thorough investigation or consideration by an appointed person or body.
    • example - the chairman"s annual report
    • synonyms - account, review, record, description, exposition, statement, delineation
  2. A piece of information that is unsupported by firm evidence.
    • example - reports were circulating that the chairman was about to resign
    • synonyms - news, information, word, intelligence, intimation
  3. A sudden loud noise of or like an explosion or gunfire.
    • example - all our horses are very gentle and are accustomed to hearing the report of a .22
    • synonyms - bang, blast, crack, pop, shot, gunshot
  4. An employee who reports to another employee.
  5. The reputation of someone or something.
    • synonyms - reputation, repute, regard, character, name, standing, stature
/rɪˈpɔːtə/
noun
  • A person who reports, especially one employed to report news or conduct interviews for the press or broadcasting media.
    • example - Two days later the news is official and reporters from the American press speed to Paris to interview a band that few of them have heard of.
    • synonyms - journalist, correspondent, newspaperman, newspaperwoman, newsman, newswoman, columnist, writer, blogger
/rɛprɪˈzɛnt/
verb
  1. Be entitled or appointed to act or speak for (someone), especially in an official capacity.
    • example - for purposes of litigation, an infant can and must be represented by an adult
    • synonyms - be elected by, be the councillor for, be the MP for, have the vote of
  2. Constitute; amount to.
    • example - this figure represents eleven per cent of the company"s total sales
    • synonyms - constitute, be, amount to, mean, be regarded as
  3. Depict (a particular subject) in a work of art.
    • example - santos are small wooden figures representing saints
    • synonyms - depict, portray, render, picture, delineate, show, illustrate, characterize, paint, draw, sketch
  4. State or point out clearly.
    • synonyms - point out, state, indicate, present, set forth, put forward
/rɛprɪˈzɛntətɪv/
adjective
  1. Typical of a class, group, or body of opinion.
    • example - Churchill was not properly representative of influential opinion in Britain
    • synonyms - typical, prototypical, characteristic, illustrative, indicative
  2. (of a legislative assembly or deliberative body) consisting of people chosen to act and speak on behalf of a wider group.
    • example - the new government lacked a representative assembly
  3. Serving as a portrayal or symbol of something.
    • example - the show would be more representative of how women really are
    • synonyms - symbolic, emblematic, evocative
  4. Relating to mental representation.
noun
  1. A person chosen or appointed to act or speak for another or others.
    • example - the Duke of Gloucester would attend the coronation as the representative of his father, King George V
    • synonyms - spokesperson, spokesman, spokeswoman, agent
  2. An example of a class or group.
    • example - fossil representatives of lampreys and hagfishes
    • synonyms - example, specimen
/rɛpjʊˈteɪʃ(ə)n/
noun
  • The beliefs or opinions that are generally held about someone or something.
    • example - his reputation was tarnished by allegations of bribery
/rɪˈkwɛst/
noun
  • An act of asking politely or formally for something.
    • example - a request for information
    • synonyms - appeal, entreaty, plea, petition, solicitation, supplication, prayer, invocation
verb
  • Politely or formally ask for.
    • example - he received the information he had requested
    • synonyms - ask for, appeal for, call for, seek, solicit, plead for, put in a plea for, pray for, petition, sue for, supplicate for
/rɪˈkwʌɪə/
verb
  • Need for a particular purpose.
    • example - three patients required operations
    • synonyms - essential, vital, indispensable, necessary, needed, called for, requisite, prerequisite
/rɪˈkwʌɪəm(ə)nt/
noun
  • A thing that is needed or wanted.
    • example - choose the type of window that suits your requirements best
/ˈrɛskjuː/
verb
  • Save (someone) from a dangerous or difficult situation.
    • example - firemen rescued a man trapped in the river
    • synonyms - save, save from danger, save the life of, come to the aid of
noun
  • An act of saving or being saved from danger or difficulty.
    • example - the dramatic rescue of nine trapped coal miners
    • synonyms - saving, rescuing
/rɪˈsəːtʃ/
/ˈriːsəːtʃ/
noun
  • The systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.
    • example - the group carries out research in geochemistry
    • synonyms - investigation, experimentation, testing, exploration, analysis, fact-finding, examination, scrutiny, scrutinization, probing
verb
  • Investigate systematically.
    • example - she has spent the last five years researching her people"s history
    • synonyms - investigate, conduct investigations into, study, inquire into, make inquiries into, look into, probe, explore, analyse, examine, scrutinize, inspect, review, assess
/rɪˈsəːtʃə/
/ˈriːsəːtʃə/
noun
  • A person who carries out academic or scientific research.
    • example - a medical researcher who pioneered the development of antibiotics
/rɛzəˈveɪʃ(ə)n/
noun
  1. The action of reserving something.
    • example - the reservation of positions for non-Americans
  2. An expression of doubt qualifying overall approval of a plan or statement.
    • example - some generals voiced reservations about making air strikes
    • synonyms - doubt, qualm, scruple
  3. An area of land set aside for occupation by North American Indians or Australian Aboriginal people.
    • example - the boy"s family live on a reservation
    • synonyms - reserve, preserve, enclave, sanctuary, area, territory
  4. A right or interest retained in an estate being conveyed.
    • example - the retention of a right to enter the demised property will be a reservation
  5. (in the Roman Catholic Church) the action of a superior of reserving to himself the power of absolution.
/rɪˈzəːv/
verb
  1. Retain for future use.
    • example - roll out half the dough and reserve the other half
    • synonyms - put to one side, put aside, set aside, lay aside, keep back
  2. Arrange for (a room, seat, ticket, etc.) to be kept for the use of a particular person.
    • example - a place was reserved for her in the front row
    • synonyms - book, make a reservation for, order, arrange in advance, arrange for, prearrange for, secure
  3. Refrain from delivering (a judgement or decision) without due consideration or evidence.
    • example - I"ll reserve my views on his ability until he"s played again
    • synonyms - defer, postpone, put off, delay, withhold
noun
  1. A supply of a commodity not needed for immediate use but available if required.
    • example - Australia has major coal, gas, and uranium reserves
    • synonyms - stock, store, supply, stockpile, reservoir, pool, fund, bank, accumulation
  2. A body of troops withheld from action to reinforce or protect others, or additional to the regular forces and available in an emergency.
    • example - the men were stationed as a central reserve ready to be transported wherever necessary
    • synonyms - additional troops, fresh troops, additional police, supplementaries, auxiliaries, reserves
  3. An extra player who is a possible substitute in a team.
    • example - he was reserve hooker for the World Cup team
    • synonyms - substitute, stand-in, second-string, relief, replacement, fallback, emergency
  4. A place set aside for special use.
    • example - There are areas where land has been put aside for reserves but are now being used for different things.
  5. A lack of warmth or openness in manner or expression.
    • example - she smiled and some of her natural reserve melted
    • synonyms - reticence, self-restraint, restraint, self-containment
  6. short for reserve price
    • example - No reserve has been set although a price in excess of £3.5 million is expected when the pub is auctioned on November 8.
  7. (in the decoration of ceramics or textiles) an area in which the original material or background colour remains visible.
    • example - Penwork decoration, with designs in reserves on a black background, may itself have first developed within the Tunbridge ware industry.
/ˈrɛzɪd(ə)nt/
noun
  1. A person who lives somewhere permanently or on a long-term basis.
    • example - it was a beautiful hamlet with just 100 residents
    • synonyms - inhabitant, local
  2. A medical graduate engaged in specialized practice under supervision in a hospital.
    • example - He currently works as a medical resident at another hospital and is waiting to hear the final outcome for this case.
adjective
  1. Living somewhere on a long-term basis.
    • example - he has been resident in Brazil for a long time
    • synonyms - living, residing, in residence, staying, remaining
  2. (of a computer program, file, etc.) immediately available in computer memory, rather than having to be loaded from elsewhere.
    • example - an intangible computer program resident on a magnetic disk
/rɪˈzɪst/
verb
  1. Withstand the action or effect of.
    • example - antibodies help us to resist infection
    • synonyms - withstand, be proof against, hold out against, combat, counter
  2. Refrain from doing or having (something tempting or unwise)
    • example - I couldn"t resist buying the blouse
    • synonyms - refrain from, abstain from, keep from, forbear from, desist from, forgo, avoid
noun
  • A resistant substance applied as a coating to protect a surface during a process, for example to prevent dye or glaze adhering.
    • example - new lithographic techniques require their own special resists
/rɪˈzɒlv/
verb
  1. Settle or find a solution to (a problem or contentious matter)
    • example - the firm aims to resolve problems within 30 days
    • synonyms - settle, sort out, solve, find a solution to, find an answer to, fix, work out, straighten out, deal with, put right, set right, put to rights, rectify, iron out, reconcile
  2. Decide firmly on a course of action.
    • example - she resolved to ring Dana as soon as she got home
    • synonyms - determine, decide, make up one"s mind, take a decision, reach a decision, conclude, come to the conclusion
  3. Separate or cause to be separated into constituent parts or components.
    • example - alpha-zein is often resolved into two major size components
    • synonyms - break down, break up, separate, reduce, decompose, divide
  4. (of something seen at a distance) turn into a different form when seen more clearly.
    • example - the orange light resolved itself into four roadwork lanterns
    • synonyms - turn into, be transformed into, become clearly visible as, change into, metamorphose into, be transmuted into
noun
  1. Firm determination to do something.
    • example - she received information that strengthened her resolve
    • synonyms - determination, resolution, firmness of purpose, fixity of purpose, purpose, purposefulness, resoluteness, single-mindedness, strength of will, strength of character, will power, firmness, intentness, decision, decidedness
  2. A formal resolution by a legislative body or public meeting.
    • example - A resolution does not carry any force of law; it expresses the resolve of a legislative body by drawing attention and awareness to an important subject.
/rɪˈzɔːt/
noun
  1. A place that is frequented for holidays or recreation or for a particular purpose.
    • example - a seaside resort
    • synonyms - tourist centre, centre, spot, retreat, haunt
  2. The action of resorting to a course of action in a difficult situation.
    • example - territorial questions must not be settled by resort to violence
    • synonyms - recourse to, turning to, the use of, utilizing
verb
  1. Turn to and adopt (a course of action, especially an extreme or undesirable one) so as to resolve a difficult situation.
    • example - the duke was prepared to resort to force if negotiation failed
    • synonyms - have recourse to, fall back on, turn to, look to, make use of, use, utilize, avail oneself of, employ, bring into play, bring into service, press into service, call on
  2. Go often or in large numbers to.
    • example - local housing authorities must consider the needs of all people residing in or resorting to their district
/rɪˈsɔːs/
/rɪˈzɔːs/
noun
  1. A stock or supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets that can be drawn on by a person or organization in order to function effectively.
    • example - local authorities complained that they lacked resources
    • synonyms - assets, funds, wealth, money, riches, capital, deep pockets
  2. An action or strategy which may be adopted in adverse circumstances.
    • example - sometimes anger is the only resource left in a situation like this
    • synonyms - expedient, resort, means, measure, method, course, way, scheme, plan, plot, stratagem, manoeuvre, machination, agency, trick, ruse, artifice, device, tool
  3. A leisure occupation.
    • synonyms - pastime, activity, leisure activity, hobby, pursuit, interest, entertainment, recreation, diversion, amusement, divertissement
verb
  • Provide with resources.
    • example - a strategy which ensures that primary healthcare workers are adequately resourced
/rɪˈspɛkt/
noun
  1. A feeling of deep admiration for someone or something elicited by their abilities, qualities, or achievements.
    • example - the director had a lot of respect for Douglas as an actor
    • synonyms - esteem, regard, high regard, high opinion, acclaim, admiration, approbation, approval, appreciation, estimation, favour, popularity, recognition, veneration, awe, reverence, deference, honour, praise, homage
  2. Due regard for the feelings, wishes, or rights of others.
    • example - young people"s lack of respect for their parents
    • synonyms - due regard, consideration, thoughtfulness, attentiveness, politeness, courtesy, civility, deference
  3. A particular aspect, point, or detail.
    • example - the government"s record in this respect is a mixed one
    • synonyms - aspect, regard, facet, feature, way, sense, characteristic, particular, point, detail, question, matter, connection
verb
  1. Admire (someone or something) deeply, as a result of their abilities, qualities, or achievements.
    • example - she was respected by everyone she worked with
    • synonyms - esteem, admire, think highly of, have a high opinion of, hold in high regard, hold in esteem, hold in high esteem, think much of, approve of, appreciate, cherish, value, set store by, set great store by, prize, treasure, look up to, pay homage to, venerate, revere, reverence, adulate, worship, idolize, put on a pedestal, lionize, hero-worship, honour, applaud, praise, favour
  2. Have due regard for (someone"s feelings, wishes, or rights)
    • example - I respected his views
    • synonyms - show consideration for, show regard for, take into consideration, take into account, make allowances for, take cognizance of, observe, pay attention to, pay heed to, bear in mind, be mindful of, be heedful of, remember
/rɪˈspɒnd/
verb
  1. Say something in reply.
    • example - she could not get Robert to respond to her words
    • synonyms - answer, reply to, say something in response to
  2. (of a person) do something as a reaction to someone or something.
    • example - she responded to his grin with a smile
noun
  1. A half-pillar or half-pier attached to a wall to support an arch, especially at the end of an arcade.
    • example - The E and W responds of both nave arcades are Romanesque.
  2. (in church use) a response to a versicle; a responsory.
    • example - This small Respond is written by Lassus for 4 voices.
/rɪˈspɒns/
noun
  1. A verbal or written answer.
    • example - there was laughter at his response to the question
  2. A reaction to something.
    • example - an extended, jazzy piano solo drew the biggest response from the crowd
    • synonyms - reaction, reply, reciprocation, retaliation
/rɪˌspɒnsɪˈbɪlɪti/
noun
  1. The state or fact of having a duty to deal with something or of having control over someone.
    • example - a true leader takes responsibility for their team and helps them achieve goals
    • synonyms - authority, control, power, leadership, management, influence
  2. The state or fact of being accountable or to blame for something.
    • example - the group has claimed responsibility for a string of murders
    • synonyms - blame, fault, guilt, culpability, blameworthiness, liability
  3. The opportunity or ability to act independently and take decisions without authorization.
    • example - we expect individuals to take on more responsibility
/rɪˈspɒnsɪb(ə)l/
adjective
  1. Having an obligation to do something, or having control over or care for someone, as part of one"s job or role.
    • example - the cabinet minister responsible for Education
    • synonyms - in charge of, in control of, at the helm of, accountable for, liable for, charged with
  2. Being the primary cause of something and so able to be blamed or credited for it.
    • example - Gooch was responsible for 198 of his side"s 542 runs
    • synonyms - accountable, answerable, to blame
  3. (of a job or position) involving important duties, independent decision-making, or control over others.
    • example - she had risen rapidly to a high and responsible position in the civil service
    • synonyms - important, powerful, authoritative, executive, decision-making, high
/rɛst/
verb
  1. Cease work or movement in order to relax, sleep, or recover strength.
    • example - he needed to rest after the feverish activity
    • synonyms - relax, take a rest, ease off, ease up, let up, slow down, pause, have a break, take a break, unbend, repose, laze, idle, loaf, do nothing, take time off, slack off, unwind, recharge one"s batteries, be at leisure, take it easy, sit back, sit down, stand down, lounge, luxuriate, loll, slump, flop, put one"s feet up, lie down, go to bed, have a nap, take a nap, nap, catnap, doze, have a siesta, take a siesta, drowse, sleep
  2. Be placed or supported so as to stay in a specified position.
    • example - her elbow was resting on the arm of the sofa
    • synonyms - lie, be laid, recline, repose, be, be placed, be positioned
  3. Be based on; depend on.
    • example - the country"s security rested on its alliances
    • synonyms - be based on, be grounded in, be founded on, depend on, be dependent on, rely on, hinge on, turn on, hang on, pivot on, be contingent on, revolve around, centre on
  4. Conclude presentation of either party"s case in a suit or prosecution.
    • example - the prosecution rests
noun
  1. An instance or period of resting.
    • example - you look as though you need a rest
    • synonyms - repose, relaxation, leisure, ease, inactivity, respite, time off, time out, breathing space
  2. An interval of silence of a specified duration.
    • example - The rests, fermatas and sudden dynamic changes help to provide an element of surprise.
  3. An object that is used to support something.
    • synonyms - stand, base, holder, support, stay, prop, brace, rack, hook, frame, shelf, bracket, trestle, tripod, plinth, pedestal, foundation, bed, foot, substructure
/ˈrɛst(ə)rɒnt/
noun
  • A place where people pay to sit and eat meals that are cooked and served on the premises.
    • example - On the camp site is a well stocked shop and a restaurant, that also serves takeaway dishes.
    • synonyms - eating place, eating house
/rɪˈzʌlt/
noun
  1. A thing that is caused or produced by something else; a consequence or outcome.
    • example - the tower collapsed as a result of safety violations
    • synonyms - consequence, outcome, upshot, out-turn, sequel, effect, reaction, repercussion, reverberation, ramification, end, conclusion, termination, culmination, corollary, concomitant, aftermath, footprint, fruit, fruits, product, produce, by-product, solution
  2. An item of information obtained by experiment or some other scientific method; a quantity or formula obtained by calculation.
    • example - the results are evaluated by the researcher
    • synonyms - answer, solution, calculation
verb
  • Occur or follow as the consequence of something.
    • example - anger may result from an argument
    • synonyms - follow, ensue, develop, stem, spring, arise, derive, evolve, proceed, emerge, emanate, issue, flow
/rɪˈteɪn/
verb
  1. Continue to have (something); keep possession of.
    • example - built in 1830, the house retains many of its original features
    • synonyms - keep, keep possession of, keep hold of, hold on to, hold fast to, keep back, hang on to, cling to
  2. Absorb and continue to hold (a substance)
    • example - limestone is known to retain water
  3. Keep (something) in place; hold fixed.
    • example - the successful design of a cartridge belt requires that the cartridges in it be properly located and retained in that position
  4. Keep (someone) engaged in one"s service.
    • example - he has been retained as a freelance
    • synonyms - employ, commission, contract, pay, keep on the payroll, have in employment
/rɪˈtʌɪə/
verb
  1. Leave one"s job and cease to work, typically on reaching the normal age for leaving service.
    • example - he retired from the Navy in 1986
    • synonyms - give up work, stop working, stop work
  2. Withdraw to or from a particular place.
    • example - she retired into the bathroom
    • synonyms - go off, withdraw, go away, go out, exit, make an exit, take oneself off, depart, decamp, adjourn, leave for
  3. Withdraw (a bill or note) from circulation or currency.
    • example - Instead, Congress cranked up the printing press and called on the states to levy taxes to retire the bills.
  4. Pay off or cancel (a debt)
    • example - the debt is to be retired from state gaming-tax receipts
/rɪˈtʌɪəd/
adjective
  1. Having left one"s job and ceased to work.
    • example - a retired headmaster
    • synonyms - former, ex-, emeritus, past, in retirement, pensioned, pensioned off
  2. (of a place) quiet and secluded.
    • example - this retired corner of the world
    • synonyms - peaceful, sleepy, tranquil, calm, still, relaxing, soothing, pleasant, restful, undisturbed, free from disturbance, free from interruption, free from interference, untroubled
/rɪˈtəːn/
verb
  1. Come or go back to a place or person.
    • example - he returned to America in the late autumn
    • synonyms - go back, come back, get back, arrive back, arrive home, come home, come again
  2. Give, put, or send (something) back to a place or person.
    • example - complete the application form and return it to this address
    • synonyms - give back, send back, hand back, take back, carry back
  3. Yield or make (a profit)
    • example - the company returned a profit of £4.3 million
    • synonyms - yield, bring in, earn, make, realize, secure, net, gross, clear, pay out, fetch, pocket
  4. (of an electorate) elect (a person or party) to office.
    • example - the city of Glasgow returned eleven Labour MPs
    • synonyms - elect, vote in, put in power, choose, opt for, select, pick, adopt
  5. Continue (a wall) in a changed direction, especially at right angles.
noun
  1. An act of coming or going back to a place or activity.
    • example - he celebrated his safe return from the war
    • synonyms - homecoming, travel back
  2. A profit from an investment.
    • example - product areas are being developed to produce maximum returns
    • synonyms - yield, profit, returns, gain, income, revenue, interest, dividend, percentage
  3. An official report or statement submitted in response to a formal demand.
    • example - census returns
    • synonyms - statement, report, submission, account, paper, record, file, dossier, write-up, data, information, log, journal, diary, register, summary
  4. Election to office.
    • example - I campaigned for the return of forty-four MPs
  5. A mechanism or key on a typewriter that returns the carriage to a fixed position at the start of a new line.A key pressed on a computer keyboard to simulate a carriage return in a word-processing program, or to indicate the end of a command or data string.
  6. A part receding from the line of the front, for example the side of a house or of a window opening.
    • example - The master bedroom is off the first floor return which has a window that overlooks the River Suir.
/rɪˈviːl/
verb
  • Make (previously unknown or secret information) known to others.
    • example - Brenda was forced to reveal Robbie"s whereabouts
    • synonyms - divulge, disclose, tell, let out, let slip, let drop, let fall, give away, give the game away, give the show away, blurt, blurt out, babble, give out, release, leak, betray, open up, unveil, bring out into the open
noun
  • (in a film or television programme) a final revelation of information that has previously been kept from the characters or viewers.
    • example - the big reveal at the end of the movie answers all questions
/rɪˈvjuː/
noun
  1. A formal assessment of something with the intention of instituting change if necessary.
    • example - a comprehensive review of UK defence policy
    • synonyms - analysis, evaluation, assessment, appraisal, examination, investigation, scrutiny, inquiry, exploration, probe, inspection, study, audit
  2. A critical appraisal of a book, play, film, etc. published in a newspaper or magazine.
    • example - she released her debut solo album to rave reviews
    • synonyms - criticism, critique, write-up, notice, assessment, evaluation, judgement, rating, commentary
  3. A ceremonial display and formal inspection of military or naval forces, typically by a sovereign, commander-in-chief, or high-ranking visitor.
    • example - he conducted a final review of his troops and spoke of his pride in having served in the US army
    • synonyms - inspection, parade, display, demonstration, field day, tattoo, array, muster, procession
  4. A facility for playing a tape recording during a fast wind or rewind, so that it can be stopped at a particular point.
    • example - cue and review, which plays the tape backwards or forwards at high speed
verb
  1. Assess (something) formally with the intention of instituting change if necessary.
    • example - the Home Secretary was called on to review Britain"s gun laws
  2. Write a critical appraisal of (a book, play, film, etc.) for publication in a newspaper or magazine.
    • example - I reviewed his first novel
    • synonyms - comment on, discuss, evaluate, assess, appraise, judge, weigh up, rate, write up, critique, criticize
  3. (of a sovereign, commander-in-chief, or high-ranking visitor) make a ceremonial and formal inspection of (military or naval forces)
    • example - the Queen reviewed her brightly arrayed troops
    • synonyms - inspect, view, scrutinize
  4. View or inspect again.
    • example - all slides were then reviewed by one pathologist
    • synonyms - reconsider, re-examine, reassess, re-evaluate, reappraise, moderate, rethink, think over, take another look at, take a fresh look at, look at in a different light, have another think about
/rɪˈvʌɪz/
verb
  1. Examine and make corrections or alterations to (written or printed matter)
    • example - the book was published in 1960 and revised in 1968
  2. Reread work done previously to improve one"s knowledge of a subject, typically to prepare for an examination.
    • example - students frantically revising for exams
    • synonyms - go over, reread, run through, study, memorize
noun
  • A proof including corrections made in an earlier proof.
    • example - I handed in the revises this morning
    • synonyms - page proof, galley proof, galley, pull, slip, trial print
/rɛvəˈluːʃ(ə)n/
noun
  1. A forcible overthrow of a government or social order, in favour of a new system.
    • example - the country has had a socialist revolution
    • synonyms - rebellion, revolt, insurrection, mutiny, uprising, riot, rioting, rising, insurgence, insurgency, coup, overthrow, seizure of power, regime change
  2. An instance of revolving.
    • example - one revolution a second
    • synonyms - single turn, turn, rotation, circle, whirl, twirl, spin, wheel, roll, round, cycle, circuit, lap
/rɪˈwɔːd/
noun
  • A thing given in recognition of service, effort, or achievement.
    • example - the holiday was a reward for 40 years" service with the company
    • synonyms - recompense, prize, prize money, winnings, purse, award, honour, decoration, profit, advantage, benefit, bonus, plus, premium
verb
  • Give something to (someone) in recognition of their services, efforts, or achievements.
    • example - the engineer who supervised the work was rewarded with the MBE
    • synonyms - recompense, pay, remunerate, give a bounty to, give a present to, make something worth someone"s while, tip, honour, decorate, give an award to, recognize, requite
/ˈrɪð(ə)m/
noun
  1. A strong, regular repeated pattern of movement or sound.
    • example - Ruth listened to the rhythm of his breathing
    • synonyms - pattern, flow, tempo, regular features, recurrent nature
  2. The measured flow of words and phrases in verse or prose as determined by the relation of long and short or stressed and unstressed syllables.
    • example - the rhythm, pattern, and cadence of words
    • synonyms - metre, measure, pattern, stress, accent, pulse, time, flow, cadence
  3. A regularly recurring sequence of events or processes.
    • example - the twice daily rhythms of the tides
    • synonyms - pattern, flow, tempo, regular features, recurrent nature
/rʌɪs/
noun
  • A swamp grass which is widely cultivated as a source of food, especially in Asia.
    • example - The main crops that are harvested for this are maize, rice, wheat, and potatoes.
verb
  • Force (cooked potatoes or other vegetables) through a sieve or ricer.
    • example - riced boiled potatoes
/rɪtʃ/
adjective
  1. Having a great deal of money or assets; wealthy.
    • example - a rich and famous family
    • synonyms - wealthy, affluent, moneyed, cash rich, well off, well-to-do, with deep pockets, prosperous, opulent, substantial, propertied
  2. Existing in plentiful quantities; abundant.
    • example - the rich flora and fauna of the forest
    • synonyms - plentiful, abundant, copious, ample, profuse, lavish, liberal, generous, bountiful, large, huge, great, bumper, overflowing, superabundant, infinite, inexhaustible, prolific
  3. Producing a large quantity of something.
    • example - novels have always been a rich source of material for the film industry
  4. (of a colour, sound, smell, etc.) pleasantly deep or strong.
    • example - his rich bass voice
    • synonyms - strong, deep, full, intense, vivid, brilliant, warm, vibrant, graphic
  5. Interesting because full of variety.
    • example - what a full, rich life you lead!
  6. (of a remark) causing ironic amusement or indignation.
    • synonyms - preposterous, outrageous, unreasonable, absurd, ironic, ridiculous, ludicrous, laughable, risible
rid
/rɪd/
verb
  • Make someone or something free of (an unwanted person or thing)
    • example - we now have the greatest chance ever to rid the world of nuclear weapons
    • synonyms - clear, free, make free, cleanse, purge, purify, empty, strip, scour, void, relieve, deliver
/rʌɪd/
verb
  1. Sit on and control the movement of (an animal, typically a horse)
    • example - Jane and Rory were riding their ponies
    • synonyms - sit on, mount, be mounted on, bestride
  2. Be carried or supported by (something moving with great momentum)
    • example - a stream of young surfers fighting the elements to ride the waves
  3. Be full of or dominated by.
    • example - you must not think him ridden with angst
  4. Yield to (a blow) so as to reduce its impact.
    • example - Harrison drew back his jaw as if riding the blow
  5. Have sex with.
  6. Annoy, pester, or tease.
    • example - if you don"t give all the kids a chance to play, the parents ride you
    • synonyms - pester, badger, hound, harry, plague, torment, bedevil, persecute, bother, annoy, exasperate, worry, disturb, trouble, agitate, provoke, vex
noun
  1. A journey made on a horse, bicycle, or motorcycle, or in a vehicle.
    • example - I took them for a ride in the van
    • synonyms - trip, journey, drive, run, expedition, excursion, outing, jaunt, tour, airing, turn, sally
  2. A roller coaster, roundabout, or other amusement ridden at a fair or amusement park.
    • example - His effort with a toupee was equally unsuccessful when a ride at the local amusement park caused his wig to come undone - hair-raising experience indeed!
  3. An act or instance of having sex.
  4. A cymbal used for keeping up a continuous rhythm.
    • example - It suddenly takes an aggressive post-rock turn with the addition of a ride cymbal, drums, and scratching noises until poignant melody lines appear, played by what sounds like strings paired with woodwinds.
/rɪŋ/
noun
  1. A small circular band, typically of precious metal and often set with one or more gemstones, worn on a finger as an ornament or a token of marriage, engagement, or authority.
    • example - a diamond ring
    • synonyms - wedding ring, band of gold, marriage token
  2. A ring-shaped or circular object.
    • example - an inflatable rubber ring
    • synonyms - circle, circlet, band, round, loop, hoop, circuit, halo, disc
  3. An enclosed space, surrounded by seating for spectators, in which a sport, performance, or show takes place.
    • example - a circus ring
    • synonyms - arena, enclosure, area, field, ground, platform
  4. A group of people engaged in a shared enterprise, especially one involving illegal or unscrupulous activity.
    • example - the police had been investigating the drug ring
    • synonyms - gang, syndicate, cartel, mob, band, organization, confederation, confederacy, federation, union, association, circle, society, combine, consortium, alliance, league, cabal, cell, coterie, crew, junta
  5. A number of atoms bonded together to form a closed loop in a molecule.
    • example - a benzene ring
  6. A set of elements with two binary operations, addition and multiplication, the second being distributive over the first and associative.
verb
  1. Surround (someone or something), especially for protection or containment.
    • example - the courthouse was ringed with police
    • synonyms - circle, encircle, circumscribe, encompass, loop, gird, girdle, enclose, surround, embrace, form a ring round, go around, hem in, fence in, confine, seal off
  2. Put an aluminium strip round the leg of (a bird) for subsequent identification.
    • example - only a small proportion of warblers are caught and ringed
  3. Fraudulently change the identity of (a motor vehicle), typically by changing its registration plate.
  4. short for ringbark
/rʌɪz/
verb
  1. Move from a lower position to a higher one; come or go up.
    • example - the tiny aircraft rose from the ground
  2. Get up from lying, sitting, or kneeling.
    • example - she pushed back her chair and rose
    • synonyms - stand up, get to one"s feet, rise to one"s feet, get up, jump up, leap up, spring up
  3. Cease to be submissive, obedient, or peaceful.
    • example - the activists urged militant factions to rise up
    • synonyms - rebel, revolt, mutiny, riot, rise up, rise up in arms, take up arms, mount a rebellion, stage a rebellion, take to the streets
  4. (of a river) have its source.
    • example - the Euphrates rises in Turkey
    • synonyms - originate, begin, start, emerge, appear
  5. (of land or a natural feature) incline upwards; become higher.
    • example - the moorlands rise and fall in gentle folds
    • synonyms - slope upwards, slant upwards, go uphill, incline, climb, get higher
  6. Increase in number, size, amount, or degree.
    • example - land prices had risen
    • synonyms - go up, get higher, increase, grow, advance, soar, shoot up, surge, surge up, leap, jump, rocket, escalate, spiral
  7. Approaching (a specified age)
noun
  1. An upward movement; an instance of rising.
    • example - the bird has a display flight of steep flapping rises
  2. An increase in number, size, amount, or degree.
    • example - local people are worried by the rise in crime
    • synonyms - increase, hike, advance, growth, leap, upsurge, upswing, ascent, climb, jump, escalation, spiralling
  3. An increase in sound or pitch.
    • example - the rise and fall of his voice
  4. A source or origin.
    • synonyms - origin, place of origin
/rɪsk/
noun
  • A situation involving exposure to danger.
    • example - flouting the law was too much of a risk
    • synonyms - possibility, chance, probability, likelihood, danger, peril, threat, menace, fear, prospect
verb
  • Expose (someone or something valued) to danger, harm, or loss.
    • example - he risked his life to save his dog
    • synonyms - endanger, put at risk, put in danger, expose to danger, put on the line, take a chance with, imperil, jeopardize, put in jeopardy, hazard, gamble, gamble with, bet, wager, chance, venture
/ˈrɪvə/
noun
  • A large natural stream of water flowing in a channel to the sea, a lake, or another river.
    • example - the River Danube
    • synonyms - watercourse, waterway, stream, tributary, brook, inlet, rivulet, rill, runnel, streamlet, freshet
/rəʊd/
noun
  1. A wide way leading from one place to another, especially one with a specially prepared surface which vehicles can use.
    • example - a country road
    • synonyms - highway, thoroughfare, roadway
  2. A series of events or a course of action that will lead to a particular outcome.
    • example - he"s well on the road to recovery
  3. A partly sheltered stretch of water near the shore in which ships can ride at anchor.
    • synonyms - anchorage, harbour, port, mooring, roads
/ˈrəʊbɒt/
noun
  1. (especially in science fiction) a machine resembling a human being and able to replicate certain human movements and functions automatically.
    • example - the robot closed the door behind us
    • synonyms - automaton, android, machine, golem
  2. another term for crawler
    • example - Search engine robots are automated programs that traverse the web, indexing page content and following links.
  3. A set of automatic traffic lights.
/rɒk/
noun
  1. The solid mineral material forming part of the surface of the earth and other similar planets, exposed on the surface or underlying the soil.
    • example - the beds of rock are slightly tilted
  2. A large piece of rock which has become detached from a cliff or mountain; a boulder.
    • example - the stream flowed through a jumble of rocks
  3. Used to refer to someone or something that is extremely strong, reliable, or hard.
    • example - the Irish scrum has been as solid as a rock
    • synonyms - foundation, cornerstone, support, prop, mainstay, backbone
  4. Money.
/rəʊl/
noun
  • An actor"s part in a play, film, etc.
    • example - Dietrich"s role as a wife in war-torn Paris
    • synonyms - part, character
/rəʊl/
verb
  1. Move in a particular direction by turning over and over on an axis.
    • example - the car rolled down into a ditch
    • synonyms - turn round and round, go round and round, turn over and over, spin, rotate
  2. (of a vehicle) move or run on wheels.
    • example - the van was rolling along the lane
    • synonyms - travel, go, move, pass, cruise, be carried, be conveyed, sweep
  3. Turn (something flexible) over and over on itself to form a cylinder, tube, or ball.
    • example - he rolled the handkerchief into a ball
    • synonyms - wind, coil, furl, fold, curl
  4. Flatten (something) by passing a roller over it or by passing it between rollers.
    • example - roll out the dough on a floured surface
    • synonyms - flatten, level, smooth
  5. (of a loud, deep sound) reverberate.
    • example - the first peals of thunder rolled across the sky
    • synonyms - rumble, reverberate, echo, re-echo, resound, boom, peal, roar, grumble
  6. Rob (someone, typically when they are intoxicated or asleep)
    • synonyms - steal from
noun
  1. A cylinder formed by winding flexible material round a tube or by turning it over and over on itself without folding.
    • example - a roll of carpet
    • synonyms - cylinder, tube, scroll
  2. A movement in which someone or something turns or is turned over on itself.
    • example - a roll of the dice
    • synonyms - throw, toss
  3. A prolonged, deep, reverberating sound.
    • example - thunder exploded, roll after roll
    • synonyms - rumble, reverberation, echo, boom, thunder, thunderclap, clap, crack, roar, grumble
  4. A very small loaf of bread, to be eaten by one person.
    • example - soup with a roll
  5. An official list or register of names.
    • example - the school had no one by his name on its roll
    • synonyms - list, register, listing, directory, record, file, index, catalogue, inventory
  6. Undulation of the landscape.
    • example - hidden by the roll of the land was a refinery
  7. A roller for flattening something, especially one used to shape metal in a rolling mill.
    • example - The heated bars pass through the rolls seven to eight times.
/rə(ʊ)ˈmantɪk/
adjective
  1. Conducive to or characterized by the expression of love.
    • example - a romantic candlelit dinner
    • synonyms - amorous, intimate, passionate
  2. Of, characterized by, or suggestive of an idealized view of reality.
    • example - a romantic attitude to the past
    • synonyms - idyllic, picturesque, fairy-tale
  3. Relating to or denoting the artistic and literary movement of romanticism.
    • example - the romantic tradition
noun
  1. A person with romantic beliefs or attitudes.
    • example - I am an incurable romantic
    • synonyms - idealist, sentimentalist, romanticist
  2. A writer or artist of the romantic movement.
    • example - Wordsworth, Coleridge, and the later romantics
/ruːf/
noun
  1. The structure forming the upper covering of a building or vehicle.
    • example - the rain woke him, hammering on the roof
  2. The upper limit or level of prices or wages.
verb
  • Cover with a roof.
    • example - the yard had been roughly roofed over with corrugated iron
/ruːm/
/rʊm/
noun
  1. Space that can be occupied or where something can be done.
    • example - there"s only room for a single bed in there
    • synonyms - space, free space
  2. A part or division of a building enclosed by walls, floor, and ceiling.
    • example - he wandered from room to room
    • synonyms - chamber
verb
  • Share a room, house, or flat, especially a rented one at a college or similar institution.
    • example - I was rooming with my cousin
    • synonyms - lodge, board, have rooms
/ruːt/
noun
  1. The part of a plant which attaches it to the ground or to a support, typically underground, conveying water and nourishment to the rest of the plant via numerous branches and fibres.
    • example - cacti have deep and spreading roots
    • synonyms - radicle, rhizome, rootstock, tuber, tap root, rootlet
  2. The basic cause, source, or origin of something.
    • example - money is the root of all evil
    • synonyms - source, origin, starting point, seed, germ, beginnings, genesis
  3. A number or quantity that when multiplied by itself, typically a specified number of times, gives a specified number or quantity.
  4. A user account with full and unrestricted access to a system.
    • example - make sure that these files can only be accessed by the root user
  5. An act or instance of having sex.
verb
  1. Cause (a plant or cutting) to grow roots.
    • example - root your own cuttings from stock plants
    • synonyms - plant, bed out, sow
  2. Establish deeply and firmly.
    • example - vegetarianism is rooted in Indian culture
    • synonyms - embedded, fixed, firmly established, implanted
  3. Cause (someone) to stand immobile through fear or amazement.
    • example - George was rooted to the spot in disbelief
    • synonyms - unable to move from, frozen to, riveted to, paralysed to, glued to, fixed to
  4. Gain access to the root account of (a smartphone or computer)
    • example - we explained how to manually root almost any Android device
  5. Have sex with.
/rəʊp/
noun
  1. A length of thick strong cord made by twisting together strands of hemp, sisal, nylon, or similar material.
    • example - there was no way down, even with a rope
    • synonyms - cord, cable, line, strand, hawser
  2. A quantity of roughly spherical objects such as onions or beads strung together.
    • example - a rope of pearls
  3. The established procedures in an organization or area of activity.
    • synonyms - know what to do, know the procedure, know the routine, know one"s way around, know one"s stuff, know what"s what, understand the set-up, be experienced, be an old hand, know all the ins and outs
verb
  • Catch, fasten, or secure with rope.
    • example - the calves must be roped and led out of the stockade
    • synonyms - tie, bind, lash, truss, pinion
/rʌf/
adjective
  1. Having an uneven or irregular surface; not smooth or level.
    • example - they had to carry the victim across the rough, stony ground
    • synonyms - uneven, irregular, bumpy, stony, rocky, broken, rugged, jaggy, craggy
  2. (of a person or their behaviour) not gentle; violent or boisterous.
    • example - pushchairs should be capable of withstanding rough treatment
    • synonyms - violent, brutal, vicious
  3. Not finished tidily or decoratively; plain and basic.
    • example - the customers sat at rough wooden tables
    • synonyms - plain, basic, simple, rough and ready, rustic, rude, crude, primitive, spartan, uncomfortable
  4. (of a voice) harsh and rasping.
    • example - his voice was rough with barely suppressed fury
    • synonyms - gruff, hoarse, harsh, rasping, raspy, husky, throaty, gravelly, guttural
  5. Not exact or precise; approximate.
    • example - they had a rough idea of when the murder took place
    • synonyms - approximate, inexact, estimated, imprecise, coarse-grained, vague, general, hazy
  6. Difficult and unpleasant or unfair.
    • synonyms - difficult, hard, tough, bad, unpleasant, demanding, arduous
adverb
  • In a manner that lacks gentleness; harshly or violently.
noun
  1. A disreputable and violent person.
    • example - the rear of the column was attacked by roughs
    • synonyms - ruffian, thug, lout, hooligan, hoodlum, rowdy, bully boy, brawler
  2. (on a golf course) longer grass around the fairway and the green.
    • example - his second shot lay in the rough
  3. A preliminary sketch.
    • example - I did a rough to work out the scale of the lettering
    • synonyms - preliminary sketch, draft, outline, mock-up, model, artist"s impression
  4. An uncut precious stone.
    • example - miners discovered one of the biggest diamond roughs in history
verb
  1. Work or shape (something) in a rough, preliminary fashion.
    • example - the piece of glass is now roughed into a circular form
  2. Make uneven.
    • example - the water was roughed by the wind
    • synonyms - roughen, make rough
  3. Live in discomfort with only basic necessities.
/raʊnd/
adjective
  1. Shaped like a circle or cylinder.
    • example - she was seated at a small, round table
    • synonyms - circular, disc-shaped, disc-like
  2. Shaped like a sphere.
    • example - a round glass ball
  3. (of a voice) rich and mellow; not harsh.
    • example - his rich, round voice went down well with the listeners
    • synonyms - sonorous, resonant, rich, full, full-toned, full-bodied, mellow, mellifluous, rounded, reverberant, orotund
  4. (of a number) expressed in convenient units rather than exactly, for example to the nearest whole number or multiple of ten.
    • example - the size of the fleet is given in round numbers
  5. Not omitting or disguising anything; frank.
    • synonyms - candid, frank, direct, honest, truthful, straightforward, plain, plain-spoken, blunt, outspoken, forthright, downright, unvarnished, bald, straight from the shoulder, explicit, unequivocal
noun
  1. A circular piece of something.
    • example - cut the pastry into rounds
    • synonyms - circle, disc, circlet
  2. An act of visiting a number of people or places in turn.
    • example - she did the rounds of her family to say goodbye
  3. Each of a sequence of sessions in a process, typically characterized by development between one session and another.
    • example - the two sides held three rounds of talks
    • synonyms - spell, period, time, stretch, stint, turn, run, session, round, cycle
  4. A regularly recurring sequence of activities.
    • example - their lives were a daily round of housework and laundry
    • synonyms - succession, sequence, series, cycle
  5. A song for three or more unaccompanied voices or parts, each singing the same theme but starting one after another, at the same pitch or in octaves; a simple canon.
    • example - We sang songs in rounds, back and forth with our own echoes.
  6. A slice of bread.
    • example - two rounds of toast
  7. The amount of ammunition needed to fire one shot.
    • example - the gun can fire 30 rounds a second
    • synonyms - bullet, cartridge, shell, shot
adverb
  1. So as to rotate or cause rotation; with circular motion.
    • example - a plane circled round overhead
  2. So as to rotate and face in the opposite direction.
    • example - he swung round to face her
  3. So as to surround someone or something.
    • example - everyone crowded round
  4. So as to reach a new place or position, typically by moving to the other side of something.
    • example - he made his way round to the back of the building
  5. Used to suggest idle and purposeless motion or activity.
    • example - he was driving round aimlessly
  6. So as to give support and companionship.
    • example - if one girl is distraught the others will rally round
preposition
  1. On every side of (a focal point)
    • example - the area round the school
    • synonyms - around, about, encircling, enclosing
  2. So as to encircle (someone or something)
    • example - he wrapped the blanket round him
  3. Following an approximately circular route past (a corner or obstacle)
    • example - a bus appeared round the corner
  4. So as to cover or take in the whole area of (a place)
    • example - she went round the house and saw that all the windows were barred
    • synonyms - throughout, all over, here and there in, everywhere in
verb
  1. Pass and go round (something) so as to move on in a changed direction.
    • example - the ship rounded the cape and sailed north
    • synonyms - go round, move round, travel round, sail round, circumnavigate
  2. Alter (a number) to one less exact but more convenient for calculations.
    • example - we"ll round the weight up to the nearest kilo
  3. Give a round shape to.
    • example - a lathe that rounded chair legs
/ruːt/
noun
  • A way or course taken in getting from a starting point to a destination.
    • example - the scenic route from Florence to Siena
    • synonyms - way, course, road, path, avenue, direction
verb
  • Send or direct along a specified course.
    • example - all lines of communication were routed through London
    • synonyms - direct, send, convey, dispatch, forward
/ruːˈtiːn/
noun
  • A sequence of actions regularly followed.
    • example - I settled down into a routine of work and sleep
    • synonyms - procedure, practice, pattern, drill, regime, regimen, groove
adjective
  • Performed as part of a regular procedure rather than for a special reason.
    • example - the Ministry insisted that this was just a routine annual drill
    • synonyms - standard, regular, customary, accustomed, normal, usual, ordinary, established, natural, unexceptional, typical
verb
  • Organize according to a routine.
row
/rəʊ/
noun
  • A number of people or things in a more or less straight line.
    • example - her villa stood in a row of similar ones
    • synonyms - line, column, file, cordon
/ˈrɔɪəl/
adjective
  • Having the status of a king or queen or a member of their family.
    • example - contributors included members of the royal family
    • synonyms - royal, regal, monarchal, monarchial, monarchical, sovereign, kingly, queenly, princely, majestic
noun
  1. A member of the royal family.
    • synonyms - monarch, sovereign, king, queen, emperor, empress, tsar, tsarina, prince, princess, potentate, head of state, leader, chief, ruler, lord, overlord
  2. short for royal sail or royal mast
  3. short for royal stag
  4. A paper size, 636 × 480 mm.A book size, 234 × 156 mm.A book size, 312 × 237 mm.
  5. A system of change-ringing using ten bells.
rub
/rʌb/
verb
  1. Apply firm pressure to the surface of (something), using a repeated back and forth motion.
    • example - she rubbed her arm, where she had a large bruise
    • synonyms - massage, knead
  2. (with reference to two things) move or cause to move to and fro against each other with a certain amount of friction.
    • example - many insects make noises by rubbing parts of their bodies together
noun
  1. An act of rubbing.
    • example - she pulled out a towel and gave her head a quick rub
    • synonyms - massage, rub-down
  2. The central problem or difficulty in a situation.
    • example - that was the rub—she had not cared enough
    • synonyms - problem, difficulty, trouble, drawback, hindrance, obstacle, obstruction, impediment
  3. (in bowling) an uneven patch of ground that impedes or diverts a bowl.
/ˈrʌbə/
noun
  1. A tough elastic polymeric substance made from the latex of a tropical plant or synthetically.
    • example - heat and sunlight may cause rubber to deteriorate
  2. A piece of rubber used for erasing pencil or ink marks.
    • example - a pencil with a rubber at the end
  3. Rubber boots; galoshes.
    • example - You may have your boots, rubbers and scarf, but are you still depending on your thin fall jacket to keep you warm throughout the seemingly endless winter months?
  4. A condom.
/ˈrʌbɪʃ/
noun
  • Waste material; refuse or litter.
    • example - householders may be charged for the removal of non-recyclable rubbish
    • synonyms - refuse, waste, garbage, litter, discarded matter, debris, detritus, scrap, dross
verb
  • Criticize severely and reject as worthless.
    • synonyms - criticize, find fault with, censure, denounce, condemn, arraign, attack, lambast, pillory, disapprove of, carp at, cavil at, rail against, inveigh against, cast aspersions on, pour scorn on, disparage, denigrate, deprecate, malign, vilify, besmirch, run down, give a bad press to
adjective
  • Very bad; worthless or useless.
    • synonyms - very bad, very poor, awful, terrible, dreadful, appalling, frightful, atrocious, inferior, incompetent, inadequate, ineffective, hopeless
/ruːd/
adjective
  1. Offensively impolite or bad-mannered.
    • example - she had been rude to her boss
    • synonyms - ill-mannered, bad-mannered, impolite, discourteous, impertinent, insolent, impudent, cheeky, audacious, presumptuous, uncivil, disrespectful, unmannerly, ill-bred, churlish, crass, curt, brusque, blunt, ungracious, graceless, brash, unpleasant, disagreeable, offhand, short, sharp
  2. Having a startling abruptness.
    • example - the war came as a very rude awakening
    • synonyms - abrupt, sudden, sharp, startling
  3. Vigorous or hearty.
    • example - Isabel had always been in rude health
  4. Roughly made or done; lacking sophistication.
    • example - a rude coffin
    • synonyms - primitive, crude, rudimentary, rough, rough-hewn, rough and ready, simple, basic, makeshift
/ˈrʌɡbi/
noun
  • A team game played with an oval ball that may be kicked, carried, and passed from hand to hand. Points are scored by grounding the ball behind the opponents" goal line (thereby scoring a try) or by kicking it between the two posts and over the crossbar of the opponents" goal.
    • example - Keen frosts had slowly given way to warmer weather and after a fortnight"s hold-up rugby football and hockey teams were able to play.
/ruːl/
noun
  1. One of a set of explicit or understood regulations or principles governing conduct or procedure within a particular area of activity.
    • example - the rules of cricket
    • synonyms - regulation, ruling, directive, order, court order, act, law, by-law, statute, edict, canon, ordinance, pronouncement, mandate, command, dictate, dictum, decree, fiat, proclamation, injunction, commandment, prescription, stipulation, requirement, precept, guideline, direction
  2. Control of or dominion over an area or people.
    • example - the revolution brought an end to British rule
    • synonyms - control, jurisdiction, command, power, sway, dominion, government, administration, sovereignty, leadership, ascendancy, supremacy, authority, direction, mastery, hegemony, regime, influence
  3. The normal or customary state of things.
    • example - such accidents are the exception rather than the rule
    • synonyms - procedure, practice, protocol, convention, standard, norm, form, routine, custom, habit, wont
  4. A strip of wood or other rigid material used for measuring length or marking straight lines; a ruler.
    • example - The plastic template contains rules, measures and a hole-punching guide.
    • synonyms - system, standard, units, scale
  5. short for Australian Rules
verb
  1. Exercise ultimate power or authority over (an area and its people)
    • example - the region today is ruled by elected politicians
    • synonyms - govern, preside over, control, have control of, be in control of, lead, be the leader of, dominate, run, head, direct, administer, manage, regulate
  2. Pronounce authoritatively and legally to be the case.
    • example - an industrial tribunal ruled that he was unfairly dismissed from his job
    • synonyms - decree, order, direct, pronounce, make a judgement, judge, adjudge, adjudicate, lay down, ordain
  3. Make parallel lines across (paper)
    • example - rule the pages horizontally and print the information within the rules.
    • synonyms - ruled, feint
  4. (of a price or a traded commodity with regard to its price) have a specified general level or strength.
    • example - in the jutes section Indus and Pak Jute ruled firm
run
/rʌn/
verb
  1. Move at a speed faster than a walk, never having both or all the feet on the ground at the same time.
    • example - the dog ran across the road
    • synonyms - sprint, race, dart, rush, dash, hasten, hurry, scurry, scuttle, scamper, hare, bolt, bound, fly, gallop, career, charge, pound, shoot, hurtle, speed, streak, whizz, zoom, sweep, go like lightning, go hell for leather, go like the wind, flash, double
  2. Pass or cause to pass quickly in a particular direction.
    • example - the rumour ran through the pack of photographers
    • synonyms - go, pass, move, travel
  3. (with reference to a liquid) flow or cause to flow.
    • example - a small river runs into the sea at one side of the castle
    • synonyms - flow, pour, stream, gush, flood, glide, cascade, spurt, jet, issue
  4. Extend or cause to extend in a particular direction.
    • example - cobbled streets run down to a tiny harbour
    • synonyms - extend, stretch, reach, range, continue, go
  5. (of a bus, train, ferry, or other form of transport) make a regular journey on a particular route.
    • example - buses run into town every half hour
    • synonyms - travel, ply, shuttle, go, make a regular journey
  6. Be in charge of; manage.
    • example - Andrea runs her own catering business
    • synonyms - be in charge of, manage, administer, direct, control, be in control of, be the boss of, boss, head, lead, govern, supervise, superintend, oversee, look after, organize, coordinate, regulate
  7. Be in or cause to be in operation; function or cause to function.
    • example - the car runs on unleaded fuel
    • synonyms - operate, function, work, go, be in operation
  8. Continue or be valid or operative for a particular period of time.
    • example - the course ran for two days
    • synonyms - be valid, last, be in effect, operate, be in operation, be operative, be current, continue, be effective, have force, have effect
  9. Stand as a candidate in an election.
    • example - he announced that he intended to run for President
    • synonyms - stand for, stand for election as, stand as a candidate for, be a contender for, put oneself forward for, put oneself up for
  10. Publish or be published in a newspaper or magazine.
    • example - the tabloid press ran the story
    • synonyms - publish, print, feature, carry, put out, release, issue
  11. Bring (goods) into a country illegally and secretly; smuggle.
    • example - they run drugs for the cocaine cartels
    • synonyms - smuggle, traffic in, deal in
  12. Cost (someone) (a specified amount)
    • example - a new photocopier will run us about $1,300
  13. (of a stocking or pair of tights) develop a ladder.
  14. Provide.
    • synonyms - provide, lay on, supply, furnish, make available, run
noun
  1. An act or spell of running.
    • example - I usually go for a run in the morning
    • synonyms - sprint, race, dash, gallop, rush, spurt
  2. A journey accomplished or route taken by a vehicle, aircraft, or boat, especially on a regular basis.
    • example - the London–Liverpool run
    • synonyms - route, way, course, journey
  3. An opportunity or attempt to achieve something.
    • example - their absence means the Russians will have a clear run at the title
    • synonyms - chance, lucky chance, good time, golden opportunity, time, occasion, moment, favourable moment, favourable occasion, favourable time, right set of circumstances, appropriate moment, appropriate occasion, appropriate time, suitable moment, suitable occasion, suitable time, opportune moment, opportune occasion, opportune time, opening, option, window, window of opportunity, slot, turn, go, run, clear run, field day
  4. A continuous spell of a particular situation or condition.
    • example - he"s had a run of bad luck
    • synonyms - period, spell, stretch, spate, bout
  5. A widespread and sudden demand for (a commodity) or a widespread trading in (a currency)
    • example - there"s been a big run on nostalgia toys this year
  6. The average or usual type of person or thing.
    • example - the new trooper stood out from the general run of eager youth crowding to enlist
    • synonyms - type, kind, sort, variety, class, category, order
  7. A sloping snow-covered course or track used for skiing, bobsleighing, or tobogganing.
    • example - a ski run
    • synonyms - slope, piste, track
  8. An enclosed area in which domestic animals or birds may run freely in the open.
    • example - an excellent and safe guinea pig run
    • synonyms - enclosure, pen, coop, compound
  9. Free and unrestricted use of or access to.
    • example - her cats were given the run of the house
    • synonyms - free use of, unrestricted use of, unrestricted access to
  10. A unit of scoring achieved by hitting the ball so that both batsmen are able to run between the wickets, or awarded in some other circumstances.
    • example - His first five balls resulted in eight runs scored for two wickets.
  11. A vertical line of unravelled stitches in stockings or tights; a ladder.
    • example - she had a run in her nylons
    • synonyms - rip, tear, snag, hole
  12. A downward trickle of paint or a similar substance when applied too thickly.
    • example - varnish should be applied with care to avoid runs and an uneven surface
  13. Diarrhoea.
    • synonyms - diarrhoea, loose motions, looseness of the bowels
  14. The after part of a ship"s bottom where it rises and narrows towards the stern.
/ˈrʌnə/
noun
  1. A person that runs, especially in a specified way.
    • example - Mary was a fast runner
  2. A person who smuggles specified goods into or out of a country or area.
  3. A rod, groove, or blade on which something slides.
  4. A shoot, typically leafless, which grows from the base of a plant along the surface of the ground and can take root at points along its length.
    • example - it"s not always easy to find strawberry runners with good strong roots
    • synonyms - shoot, offshoot, sprout, tendril, sprig, sucker
  5. A long, narrow rug or strip of carpet, especially for a hall or stairway.
    • example - a faded runner held in place with brass stair rods
    • synonyms - rug, runner, carpet, drugget
  6. A revolving millstone.
  7. A police officer.
  8. see Indian runner
  9. A fast-swimming fish of the jack family, occurring in tropical seas.
    • example - They will catch a large variety of small fish which gather under a boat, such as blue runner, jacks and pilchards.
/ˈrʌnɪŋ/
noun
  1. The action or movement of a runner.
    • example - his running tore United to shreds
  2. The action of managing or operating something.
    • example - the day-to-day running of the office
    • synonyms - administration, management, managing, organization, coordination, orchestration, handling, direction, conduct, overseeing, controlling, control, regulation, supervision, charge
adjective
  1. (of water) flowing naturally or supplied to a building through pipes and taps.
    • example - hot and cold running water
    • synonyms - flowing, streaming, gushing, rushing, moving
  2. Done while running.
    • example - a running jump
  3. Continuous or recurring over a long period.
    • example - a running joke
    • synonyms - continuous, ongoing, sustained, unceasing, incessant, ceaseless, uninterrupted, constant, perpetual, unbroken
/ˈrʊər(ə)l/
adjective
  • In, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town.
    • example - remote rural areas
    • synonyms - country, countryside, pastoral, rustic, bucolic
/rʌʃ/
verb
  1. Move with urgent haste.
    • example - Oliver rushed after her
    • synonyms - in a hurry, running about, run off one"s feet, rushing about, dashing about, pushed for time, pressed for time, time-poor
  2. Dash towards (someone or something) in an attempt to attack or capture.
    • example - to rush the bank and fire willy-nilly could be disastrous for everyone
    • synonyms - attack, charge, run at, fly at, assail
  3. Entertain (a new student) in order to assess suitability for membership of a college fraternity or sorority.
  4. Make (a customer) pay a particular amount, especially an excessive one.
noun
  1. A sudden quick movement towards something, typically by a number of people.
    • example - there was a rush for the door
    • synonyms - dash, run, sprint, dart, bolt, charge, scramble, bound, break
  2. An act of advancing forward, especially towards the quarterback.
    • example - He is not particularly fast or overpowering, but he has great instincts and never loses sight of the quarterback during the rush.
  3. The first prints made of a film after a period of shooting.
    • example - after the shoot the agency team will see the rushes